This study has been carried out with the aims of developing a comprehensive inventory of peer relation problems, which is based on the Korean Inventory of Interpersonal Problems Circumplex scales (KlIP-C). It also aims to examine reliability and validity of the inventory, and provide a preliminary norms. For the current study, inventory items were culled from the following sources: the Korean Inventory of Interpersonal Problems Circumplex scales (KlIP-C), various current scales dealing with peer relations of children, and a survey of children's peer relation problems. The preliminary items for each scale were administered to 220 fourth through sixth graders. The resulting skewness of distribution, kurtosis, mean and standard deviation, item-total correlation, internal consistency, and meanings of the items were comprehensively considered in selecting the final 64 items. In order to check on reliability, internal consistency, convergence and discrimination reliability of the final items and scales, the data were collected from 1,046 fourth through sixth graders currently attending four elementary schools. The study results can be summarized as follows. Internal consistency of the inventory of peer relation problems showed the range between .70-.94 (median value of .75), split-half reliability between .67-.83 (median value of .75), and test-retest reliability between .69-.88 (median value of .81). Inter-correlation of 8 scale scores and factor analysis results of individual ipsative scores showed that the circumplex property of inventory of peer relation problems is appropriate. Regarding correlations between various existing indices and scales related to peer relation problems, both convergence reliability and discrimination reliability were found to be fair. When the scale scores for the inventory of peer relation problems compared according to the factors of gender and grade, the primary effects of gender and grade were statistically meaningful whereas effects of interaction between gender and grade were not. This study can be considered meaningful in that it constructed an inventory for a comprehensive evaluation of peer relation problems specific for children(from fourth to sixth grade) and provided preliminary norms.
This study is to testify the construct validity of the school adjustment scale (Lee, 2005) for 634 middle school students (boy: 479, girl: 155) and criterion-related validity by simple correlation analysis of school adjustment scale with life-stress scale and depression scale (CES-D). The main results are as follows: First, Structural Equation Model (SEM) confirmed the fittness of the factor structure of the school adjustment scale for middle school students as ‘medicore fit’ (CFI=.993, NNFI=.985, RMSEA=.085). It was testified for its concept to be composed of 4 dimensions, schoolwork(study competence and value), school friends (friend relationship and cooperation), school teacher(teacher preference and intimacy), and school life(order & rule compliance and positive attitude to school life). Second, it was correlated significantly negatively with life stress scale and depression scale (CES-D), discriminant validity supported. The reliablility (Cronbach α) of schoolwork (.83), school friends (.87), school teacher (.90), school life (.85), and total items (.93) in school adjustment scale was moderate or good. The limitations of this study and suggestions for future research were discussed.
This study aimed to test the role of self-concept and self-efficacy as mediators in the parent attachment and peer relationship among the 6th grade children in Elementary School. And then this study investigates structural model(which is divided into two: attachment to father and attachment to mother) and describes direct and indirect effects of different variables which affect peer relationship. This study tests the role of self-concept and self-efficacy as mediators in parent attachment and peer relationship with 294 boys and 229 girls who are in the 6th grade in Elementary School. The results of this structural equation models are following: First Self-efficacy work as mediators between attachment to father and peer relationship, and between attachment to mother and peer relationship. Second Self-concept work as mediators between attachment to father and peer relationship, but self-concept doesn't work as mediators between attachment to father and peer relationship.
The purpose of this study was to explore the mediating effects of self-evaluation in the relationship between social skill, the quality of peer relationship and peer victimization. 960 middle school students participated in the study. They were asked to complete the questionnaire about peer victimization, social skill, the quality of peer relationship, peer acceptance, self-evaluation which means self-esteem and self evaluation of problem behaviors. .Data was obtained in the form of self-reports, except the peer acceptance scale collected from peer nomination process. Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling method. The results showed, as predicted, the pathway from social skill, the quality of peer relationship via self-evaluation to peer victimization showed significantly good model fit(χ2(df=39, N=960)=242.125, p=.000; GFI=.959; NFI=.952; TLI=.943; CFI=.959; RMSEA=.074).. Complete mediating model of self-evaluation is parsimonious and good model in understanding adolescents peer victimization. The limitations of this study were discussed with suggestions for further study.
The present study examined cluster types of career related variables to understand typology of career choice process among college students. Participants were 582 undergraduate students in South Korea and they completed a packet of questionnaires on career decision making self-efficacy, career aspiration, career barriers, and work value. After cluster analysis, three clusters were derived; they were named as mean group, undeveloped group, and internal oriented group. Based on these findings, the limitations of the study were discussed.