- P-ISSN 1225-0163
- E-ISSN 2288-8985
플라스틱은 뛰어난 조형성 및 대량생산의 장점에 의하여 점차 현대 미술에 전반적으로 쓰이게되었다. 국내에서도 플라스틱 작품의 가치가 증대되고 있지만 산업용, 공업용 플라스틱에 대한 연구에 국한되어있다. 본 연구에서는 미술품으로서 제작에 사용되는 플라스틱 5종(PVC, PE, PP, PS, PU)의 극미량 시료를 이용하여 동정을 실시하였다. SPME를 이용한 VOCs 분석 결과, PVC는 방향족, 알칸류 화합물이 검출되었고 PE와 PP는 알칸류 화합물이 검출되었다. PS는 방향족 화합물이 확인되었고, PU는 폴리에스테르 기반의 PU에서 나타나는 diethylene glycol 등이 검출되었다. Pyrolysis 분석 결과, PVC에서지방족 알켄류 화합물과 가소제(DEHP)가 확인되었고 PE 역시 지방족 알켄류 화합물과 가소제(DIBP)가검출되었다. PP는 1-hexene 등이 검출되었으며 PS는 방향족 화합물이 확인되었고 PU는 폴리우레탄의 주요 재료인 MDI가 분석되었다. 이처럼 SPME와 pyrolysis 분석법으로 극미량의 시료를 이용하여 플라스틱 종류마다 각기 다른 특징적인 화합물이 검출됨으로써 동정 기술로써의 가능성을 확인하였다.
Plastic has been widely used in modern artworks' materials due to its merits of process ability andmass production. In the country, value of plastic artifact is increasing but the field of plastic study is limitedto industrial purpose. In this study, Identification methods of plastic were performed by SPME-GC/MS andpyrolysis-GC/MS using trace of samples. As a result of identification using SPME-GC/MS, aromatic compoundswere identified from polyvinyl chloride. And alkane compounds were identified from polyethylene, andpolypropylene. Aromatic compounds were identified from polystyrene, and diethylene glycol appeared inpolyurethane based on polyester was identified from polyurethane. As a result of identification using pyrolysis-GC/MS, aliphatic alkenes compounds and phthalate(DEHP) were identified from polyvinyl chloride. Aliphaticalkenes compounds and phthalate(DIBP) were detected from polyethylene. 1-hexene, etc., were detected frompolypropylene, aromatic compounds were identified from polystyrene, and methylene diphenyl diisocyanate whichis polyurethane basic material was confirmed from polyurethane. This study suggested that non-destructive SPMEand pyrolysis-GC/MS are useful to identify compounds particularly polystyrene and polyurethane. These twoanalytical methods were expected to be applied for identification of unidentified plastic artworks beforeconservation treatment.
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