본 연구에서는 정신건강의학과에 내원한 신경증적 환자 집단을 대상으로 기질 및 아동기 외상 경험이 다차원적 충동성과 어떠한 관련성을 보이는지 살펴보고, 충동성에 대한 기질과 아동기 외상의 설명력이 충동성의 각 차원에 따라 다른지 확인하고자 하였다. 서울 소재 한 대학병원 정신건강의학과에 내원하여 우울 및 불안, 적응장애로 진단 받은 172명을 대상으로 하였으며, 조현병스펙트럼장애와 양극성장애, 지적장애, 치매나 뇌손상이 의심되는 사례는 배제하였다. 참가자에게는 한국판 다차원적 충동성 척도(UPPS-P), 아동기 외상 질문지(CTQ), 기질 및 성격검사(TCI-RS) 설문을 실시하였다. 성별 및 연령을 통제한 편상관분석을 실시하여 다차원적 충동성과 기질 및 아동기 외상경험 간 관계를 살펴보았으며, 이후 위계적 회귀분석을 통해 기질 및 아동기 외상경험이 충동성을 유의하게 설명하는지 확인하였다. 그 결과, TCI의 자극추구 및 위험회피 요인과 아동기 학대 경험은 모두 부정긴급성 및 긍정긴급성 요인과 유의한 정적 상관을 보였으며, 그 외 충동성의 각 차원과 기질 및 아동기 방임 경험 간 연관성은 상이하였다. 위계적 회귀분석 결과, 사회적 민감성을 제외한 모든 기질의 하위요인과 아동기 성 학대 경험이 부정긴급성을 유의하게 설명하였으며, 이와 유사하게 긍정긴급성에 대해서도 감각추구 및 위험회피 요인 및 성 학대 경험이 유의한 예측변인인 것으로 나타났다. 반면에, 계획성 부족 및 지속성 부족, 감각추구 요인의 경우에는 기질의 설명력만 유의하였다. 연구결과를 바탕으로 본 연구의 의의와 한계점을 논의하였다.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship among temperaments, childhood trauma, and multidimensional impulsivity. This study, in particular, examined how the sub-dimensions of temperament and the types of childhood trauma affect according to each dimension of impulsivity. A total of 172 psychiatric patients completed the questionnaires including Korean Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI), Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), and UPPS-P Impulsive Behavior scale. Those who diagnosed with schizophrenia spectrum disorder, bipolar disorder, intelligence disability, and neurocognitive disorder were excluded. Childhood physical abuse was significantly correlated with all five dimensions of impulsivity(Positive Urgency, Negative Urgency, Sensation Seeking, Lack of premeditation, Lack of perseverance). The relationship between other types of childhood trauma and impulsivity was distinguished according to the each dimension of impulsivity. After controlling for demographic variables(gender and age), the results of a hierarchical multiple regression analysis showed that both temperaments and childhood sexual abuse were significantly predicted level of Urgency, whereas only temperaments affected the other dimensions of impulsivity. The clinical implications and limitations of our findings were also discussed.
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