open access
메뉴
open access
메뉴
E-ISSN : 2733-4538
강박장애 환자의 암묵기억 결함을 사건관련전위를 사용하여 조사하였다. 암묵 기억의 측정에는 어휘판단 과제가 실시되었다. 전체 320개의 한글 단어와 140개의 비단어 중에서 200개의 단어는 1-5개의 간섭단어 후에 반복 제시된 반면 120개의 단어와 140개의 비단어는 한번만 제시되었다. 외현 기억은 연속재인 과제를 사용하여 측정하였다. 전체 380개의 단어 중 280개는 반복 제시 되었던 반면 100개는 한번만 제시되었다. 연속재인 과제에서 강박장애 환자군과 정상통제군은 한번만 제시된 단어보다 반복제시된 단어에 더 큰 정적 전위를 보였다. 즉 반복 효과가 관찰되었다. 두 집단 모두 한번만 제시된 단어보다 반복 제시된 단어에 더 빠른 반응시간을 보였다. 두 집단은 한국판 California Verbal Learning Test (K-CVLT)의 수행에는 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았으나 Rey- Osterrieth Complex Figure Test (RCFT)의 즉각적 회상 및 지연 회상에서는 차이를 보였다. 즉 강박장애 환자군이 정상통제군에 비하여 유의하게 저하된 수행을 보였다. 어휘판단 과제의 경우, 정상통제군은 반복 효과를 보인 반면 강박장애 환자군에서는 반복 효과가 관찰되지 않았다. 이에 덧붙여 강박장애 환자군이 정상통제군에 비하여 반복 제시된 단어에 대해 유의하게 긴 반응 시간을 보였다. 이 결과는 강박장애 환자가 암묵 기억의 결함을 가지고 있다는 것을 시사한다. 암묵 기억 과제에서 관찰된 반복 효과의 대뇌생성지를 등가적 쌍극자 모델을 사용하여 확인한 결과 좌반구 미상핵에서 쌍극자가 관찰되었다. 정보의 우연적 부호화를 요구하는 어휘판단 과제에서의 반복 효과 부재와 도형의 조직적 구조화를 요구하는 RCFT에서의 낮은 수행은 강박장애 환자에서 관찰되는 암묵 기억의 결함이 정보의 부호화 혹은 조직화의 어려움 때문에 초래되는 것으로 여겨진다.
The implicit memory deficit in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) was investigated using event-related potentials. For the measurement of implicit memory, a lexical decision task was administered. Among 320 words and 140 non-words, 200 words were repeated, 120 words and 140 non-words were not repeated. For explicit memory a continuous recognition task was administered, in which 280 words were repeated (old) and 100 were not repeated (new). On the recognition task, both controls and OCD patients showed more positivity to the old words than the new words (repetition effect). The two groups did not differ in terms of the performances on Korean version of California verbal learning test, but OCD patients showed impaired performances on immediate and delayed recalls of Rey-Osterrieth complex figure test (RCFT). On the lexical decision task, controls showed the repetition effect, whereas OCD patients did not. In addition, OCD patients showed prolonged response time to the old words compared to the controls. The results of source localization, which was performed to find the cerebral generators of repetition effect, showed that left caudate body is a strong candidate for the generator. The absence of the repetition effect on the implicit memory task and the impaired performance on RCFT indicate that OCD patients have implicit memory deficit, which seems to be caused by encoding or organizational difficulties. Furthermore, implicit memory deficit in OCD patients seems to be related to the dysfunction of prefrontal-striatal system, which is known as the neural substrates underlying OCD.
(1999) K-CVLT 신경심리학적 기억검사 실시요강, 도서출판
(1994) . Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, American Psychiatric Association Press.
(1992) . Neuropsychological performance in obsessive-compulsive disorder. Biological Psychiatry,
(2002) . Memory biases in the anxiety disorders,
(2000) Reliability and validity of scoring system for measuring organizational approach in the complex figure test,
(1995) Visual memory impairment in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder: a controlled study,
(1996) Structured clinical interview for DSM-IV axis I disorder, New York State Psychiatric Institute
(2001) Brain regions predicting subsequent episodic and implicit memory for words: a dissociation measured using fMRI,
(1997) . Implicit and explicit memory in obsessive-compulsive disorder.,
(1992) during repetition priming in Alzheimer's patients and young and old controls. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology,
(1993181-201.) age-related changes in young middle-aged and elderly adults. Journal of Psychophysiology,
(1998) . An improved boundary element method for realistic volume conductor modeling.,
(1995) . Double dissociation between item and source memory. Neuropsychology,
(1989) use and reliability. Archives of General Psychiatry,
(2003) . Neuropsychology of obsessive-compulsive disorder,
(1996) . Alternation learning in obsessive-compulsive disorder. Biological Psychiatry,
(1922) . Event-related potential correlates of repetition priming and stimulus classification in young,
(1996) . Face encoding and recognition. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,
(1988) . Neural encoding of individual words and faces by the human hippocampus and amygdala. Nature,
(2001) . Impairment of incidental memory for frequency in patients with obsessive- compulsive disorder. Psychiatry Research,
(1997) . old/new differencs in direct and indirect memory tests using pictures and words in within- and corss-form conditions,
(2004) . Neurological abnormalities in schizophrenia and obsessive-compulsive disorder. Current Opinion in Psychiatry,
(2002) . Neuropsychological profile in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder over a period of 4-month treatment. Journal of Psychiatric Research,
(2003) . Fundamentals of human neuropsychology, Worth Publishers.
(2004185-236.) . Neuropsychological performance in obsessive- compulsive disorder,
(1995) Neuropsychological assessment, Oxford University Press.
(1999) Neuropsychological functioning in a subclinical obsessive-compulsive sample,
(1995) Rey complex figure test and recognition trial,
(1995) . Aspects of human frontal lobe function. ,
(1992) . Multiple dipole modeling and localization from spatio-temporal MEG data. IEEE Transactions on. Biomedical Engineering,
(1997) . Event-related brain potentials to unfamiliar faces in explicit and implicit memory tasks. Neuroscience Research,
(1986) . Event-related brain potentials during initial encoding and recognition memory of congruous and incongruous words. Journal of Memory and Language,
(1994) scalp distributions and modulation by word type and semantic priming. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience,
(1994) . Behaviorism,
(1999) . Memory bias in obsessive-compulsive disorder,
(2001) Memory bias, confidence and responsibility in compulsive checking,
(1997) .Probing striatal function in obsessive- compulsive disorder: a PET study of implicit sequencing learning,
(2000) Neuroimaging research and the neurobiology of obsessive-compulsive disorder: where do we go from here?,
(1989) . Event-related potentials and recognition memory for words. Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology,
(1995) ERP studies of memory , Oxford University Press.
(1999) . Organizational strategies mediate nonverbal memory impairment in obsessive-compulsive disorder. Biological Psychiatry,
(2000) . Strategic processing and episodic memory impairment in obsessive-compulsive disorder. Neuropsychology,
(1993) a selective review. Annual Review of Neuroscience,
(1998) . Cognitive frontal lobe dysfunction in obsessive-compulsive disorder. Biological Psychiatry,
. Deficit of organizational strategy and visual memory in obsessive-compulsive disorder. Neuropsychology., in press
(1989) . Dissociation of recognition memory components following temporal lobe lesions. Journal of Experimental Psychology,
(1992195-231.) a synthesis from findings with rats,
(1998) . Effects of prefrontal lesions on lexical processing and repetition priming,
(1999) . Event-related potentials reveal memory deficits in Parkinson's disease. Cognitive Brain Research,
(1999) Obsessive- compulsive disorder, checking and non-verbal memory: a neuropsychological investigation,
(2003) . Repeated checking causes memory distrust. Behaviour Research and Therapy,
(1997200-215.) . Visual object priming differs from visual word priming,