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E-ISSN : 2733-4538
본 연구는 이은희와 윤가현(2005)이 국내 치매노인 주부양자들을 위하여 개발한 인지행동 집단상담 프로그램을 적용하여 부양스트레스(부양부담, 우울 및 불안) 감소효과와 그 지속성을 검증한 것이다. 연구대상자는 정신과 전문의가 치매로 진단한 외래환자들 중에서 약물치료를 받고 있는 치매노인의 주부양자들 31명으로 개입집단(15명)과 통제집단(16명)으로 구분하여 개입 전과 개입 후 및 개입종료 3개월 후에 부담감척도(Burden Interview), 우울척도(CES-D) 및 불안척도(Anxiety Scale)를 사용하여 개입프로그램의 효과와 지속성을 평가하였다. 개입집단과 통제집단의 동질성은 치매노인의 특성(인구통계학적 특성과 일상생활능력, 기억문제 및 문제행동)과 주부양자의 특성(인구통계학적 특성과 부양부담, 우울 및 불안수준)으로 확인하였다. 연구 결과, 인지행동 집단상담 프로그램을 실시한 개입집단에서는 부양부담, 우울 및 불안수준이 모두 유의하게 감소되었으나 통제집단의 경우에는 어떤 종속측정치에서도 시간 경과에 따른 변화가 유의하게 나타나지 않아서 주부양자의 부양스트레스는 자발적으로 감소되지 않음을 보여주었다. 또 3개월 후에 실시한 추후검사에서도 개입프로그램의 지속효과가 확인되었다. 끝으로 본 연구의 의의와 제한점 및 추후 연구를 위한 제언을 논의하였다.
The purpose of this study was to examine the effects on the reduction of caregiving burden, depression, and anxiety of the primary caregivers of persons with dementia in comparison with a control group. The cognitive-behavioral intervention program was developed by Lee and Youn(2005). The program consisted of 3 parts; psychological education, stress management, and coping skills. 31 primary caregivers were recruited in Y and S hospitals in Gwangju and Chonnam area and divided into 2 groups i.e Intervention Group(n=15) and Control Group(n=16) with the homogeneous characteristics of the demographic traits and the severity of persons with dementia in activities of daily living skill, memory problems, and behavior problems. The study also investigated the long-term effect(3 month) of the intervention program. Study took 3 groups proceeded one after another because there were not sufficient persons at the same time from June 2004 to March 2005. All the caregivers participing in the study responded to the same questionnaire 3 times such as, before the intervention(pre), after the intervention(post), and 3 month after the intervention(follow-up). The data was analyzed with repeated measure ANOVA, paired t-test and t-test. There was a significant reduction in caregiving burden, depression and anxiety in the intervention group, compared with control group at post treatment and follow-up after 3 months which indicated the continuity of intervention effect. However, in the control group, there was no changes during the sametime. The conclusion of the study was that cognitive behaviour intervention can have significant benefits to caregivers of persons with dementia. In the last part of the study, the suggestions, the limitations, and the direction of the further study were discussed.
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