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E-ISSN : 2733-4538
자기자비는 최근 심리적 건강을 설명하는 변인으로 주목받고 있다. 특히 자기자비는 부정사건의 영향을 완충하는 안정적이고 결과나 평가에 덜 의존적인 자기가치감으로서 역할을 하는 것으로 제안되었으나, 그 과정에 대한 충분한 연구가 이루어지지 못했다. 이에 본 연구에서는 설문연구를 통해 자기자비와 결과유관성 및 안정적 자존감과의 관계를 탐색하고 실험연구를 통해 부정사건에 대한 정서 및 인지 반응에 자기자비가 미치는 영향을 살펴보았으며, 자존감과 비교하였다. 연구 1에서는 자기자비, 자존감, 결과유관성 및 자존감 안정성과의 관계를 탐색하였다. 대학생 289명을 대상으로 연구를 실시한 결과, 자기자비 점수가 높을수록 결과유관성 점수가 낮고 자존감 안정성 점수가 높게 나타났다. 또한 자기자비는 자존감을 통제하고도 자존감 안정성과 결과유관성에 기여하는 변량이 컸고, 자존감과 자기자비를 함께 고려했을 때 자존감의 설명효과가 유의미하지 않았으며, 자존감과 자존감 안정성 및 결과유관성의 우월성 요인 간 관계에서 자기자비의 조절효과가 유의미해 자기자비가 안정적이고 결과나 평가에 덜 의존적인 자기가치감을 반영하는 것으로 나타났다. 연구 2에서는 실제 부정사건에 대해 자기자비가 완충역할을 하는지 확인하였다. 연구 1 참여자 89명을 대상으로 실험실에서 불가능과제를 사용하여 자기가치에 위협을 가하는 사건을 상황적으로 제시한 전후로 정서, 자기관련인지, 심박률의 변화를 측정하였다. 그 결과 자기자비가 높을수록 실패사건 후 부정정서 변화정도가 적었다. 자존감의 경우, 자존감이 높을수록 부정정서와 자기관련인지의 변화정도가 크게 나타났다. 따라서 자기자비가 부정사건의 충격을 완화하는 역할과 자존감에 비해 안정적이고 결과 비유관적임이 일부 확인되었다. 이러한 결과를 바탕으로 자기자비의 개념적 함의와 향후 연구과제에 대해 논의하였다.
The purpose of this study was to examine the role of self-compassion during adaptive self-regulation for negative events. It has been suggested that self-compassion acts as a buffer for negative events. The aim of this study was to explore the relationships between self-compassion and the contingencies of self-worth, stability of self-esteem, and cognitive and emotional responses to negative events. Study 1 was designed to explore the relationships among self-compassion, self-esteem, the contingencies of self-worth, and the stability of self-esteem. Data were collected from 289 undergraduate students. The results showed that a higher self-compassion score was related to a lower contingency of self-worth scores and higher scores for stability of self-esteem. In addition, this effect was greater than in those with self-esteem. In Study 2, perceived failure was induced by an impossible task and changes in emotions, self-related cognition, and the heart rate before and after the impossible tasks were measured. The results showed that higher self-compassion was related to lower degrees of negative emotional changes. The degree of changes in self-related cognition was not associated with self-compassion. In addition, greater self-esteem was related to greater changes in negative emotions and self-related cognition. Last, the contribution of this study to an integrative understanding of the process of self-compassion as it affects mental health was discussed. Limitations and suggestions for future research were also presented.
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