본 연구는 대학생을 대상으로 자기애적 성격성향에 따라서 정신화 능력에 어떠한 차이가 나타나는지를 살펴본 연구이다. 이를 위해 서울과 경기 지역에 소재한 대학교에 재학 중인 대학생 총 345명을 대상으로 설문을 진행하였고, 그 중 병리적 자기애 척도(PNI) 평균 점수가 2.74점 이상이며 자기애적 성격성향 상위 및 하위 30%에 속하는 집단을 각각 25명씩 선정하여 정신화 능력을 측정하였다. 이를 위해 정신화 질문지(MZQ), 공감 척도(EQ-Short-K), 상위인지 자각 척도(MAS)를 사용하였고, 성인용 눈으로 마음 읽기 테스트(RMET)를 번안하여 포함하였으며, 카툰 정신화 능력 측정도구(A novel cartoon-based task)를 원저자로부터 승인 받아 실시한 후, 집단 간 차이를 분석하였다. 연구 결과, MZQ, MAS, 카툰 도구에서 집단 간에 유의미한 차이가 있는 것으로 밝혀졌다. 이 같은 결과로 살펴봤을 때, 자기애적 성격 성향을 가진 사람들은 전반적인 정신화에 실패하는 경향이 있고, 자기 자신 및 타인의 정신 상태에 대해서 정교하게 정신화 하는 능력에 결함이 있음을 확인할 수 있다.
This study determined how mentalization abilities differ based on narcissistic personality tendency among college students. A survey was conducted involving 345 students enrolled in universities in Seoul and Gyeong-gi province; 25 of the students marked over the average breaking point, 2.74 in Pathological Narcissism Inventory(PNI), and belonged to the top and bottom 30% in narcissistic personality tendencies. To measure mentalization ability, this study used many different types of tools; Mentalization Questionnaire(MZQ), Metacognition Awareness Scale(MAS), Empathy Quotient(EQ-Short-K), Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test(RMET) and A novel cartoon-based task. First, as for MZQ, students with high narcissistic personality tendency showed a lower mentalization ability than did those with low narcissistic personality tendency. The criterion of MAS also showed significant difference between the groups, with the group having high narcissistic personality tendency conspicuously lacking the ability to recognize their own thoughts and emotions. Meanwhile, EQ-Short-K and RMET did not show any significant differences, and “guessing the right order” in A novel cartoon-based task did not show any significant differences among the groups. Exceptionally, in this task, cognitive and affective mentalization abilities showed significant differences. These results show that those with narcissistic personality tendency have defects in mentalization abilities to recognize and focus on their own or others' mental status, and lack the ability to represent it in a more accurate and detailed manner.
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