- P-ISSN 1225-0163
- E-ISSN 2288-8985
- P-ISSN1225-0163
- E-ISSN2288-8985
- SCOPUS, ESCI, KCI
논문 상세
Home > 논문 상세
Development and validation of a qualitative GC-MS method for methamphetamine and amphetamine in human urine using aqueous-phase ethyl chloroformate derivatization
분석과학 / Analytical Science and Technology, (P)1225-0163; (E)2288-8985
2020, v.33 no.1, pp.23-32
https://doi.org/10.5806/AST.2020.33.1.23
(Forensic Genetics & Chemistry Division, Supreme Prosecutors' Office)
(Forensic Genetics & Chemistry Division, Supreme Prosecutors' Office)
(Forensic Genetics & Chemistry Division, Supreme Prosecutors' Office)
(Forensic Genetics & Chemistry Division, Supreme Prosecutors' Office)
(Forensic Genetics & Chemistry Division, Supreme Prosecutors' Office)
Jiwoo,
K.
,
Yeong,
E.
S.
,
&
Jin,
Y.
K.
(2020). . 분석과학, 33(1), 23-32, https://doi.org/10.5806/AST.2020.33.1.23
- 다운로드 수
- 조회수
Abstract
Methamphetamine (MA) is the most common and available drug of abuse in Korea and its primary metabolite is amphetamine (AP). Detection of AP derivatives, such as MA, AP, phentermine (PT), MDA, MDMA, and MDEA by the use of immunoassay screening is not reliable and accurate due to cross-reactivity and insufficient specificity/sensitivity. Therefore, the analytical process accepted by most urine drug-testing programs employs the two-step method with an initial screening test followed by a more specific confirmatory test if the specimen screens positive. In this study, a gas chromatography-mass spectrometric (GC-MS) method was developed and validated for confirmation of MA and AP in human urine. Urine sample (500 μL) was added with N-isopropylbenzylamine as internal standard and ethyl chloroformate as a derivatization reagent, and then extracted with 200 μL of ethyl acetate. Extracted samples were analysed with GC-MS in the SIM/ Scan mode, which were screened by Cobas c311 analyzer (Roche/Hitachi) to evaluate the efficiency as well as the compatibility of the GC-MS method. Qualitative method validation requirements for selectivity, limit of detection (LOD), precision, accuracy, and specificity/sensitivity were examined. These parameters were estimated on the basis of the most intense and characteristic ions in mass spectra of target compounds. Precision and accuracy were less than 5.2 % (RSD) and ±14.0 % (bias), respectively. The LODs were 3 ng/mL for MA and 1.5 ng/mL for AP. At the screening immunoassay had a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 95.1 % versus GC-MS for confirmatory testing. The applicability of the method was tested by the analysis of spiked urine and abusers' urine samples.
- keywords
- validation, qualitative analysis, aqueous-phase derivatization, urine, methamphetamine, GC-MS
참고문헌
1
1. S. Y. Kim, J. S. Lee and D. W. Han, J. Korean Med. Assoc., 56, 762-770 (2013).
2
2. Y. H. Mun and J. H. Kim, J. Korean Soc. Clin. Toxicol., 16, 176-180 (2018).
3
3. M. D. Anglin, C. Burke, B. Perrochet, E. Stamper and S. Dawud-Noursi, J. Psychoactive Drugs, 32, 137-141(2000).
4
4. T. K. Mackey and B. A. Liang, J. Med. Internet Res., 15, 665-689 (2013).
5
5. J. Lee, S. Yang, Y. Kang, E. Han, L. Y. Feng, J. H. Li and H. Chung, Forensic Sci. Int., 272, 1-9 (2017).
6
6. Supreme Prosecutors' Office, White Paper on Drug-Related Crimes 2018, Seoul, Korea, 2019.
7
7. N. J. Kwon and E. Han, Forensic Sci. Int., 286, 81-85(2018).
8
8. J. Caldwell, L. G. Dring and R. T. Williams, Biochem. J., 129, 11-22 (1972).
9
9. Y. Xue, J. T. He, K. K. Zhang, L. J. Chen, Q. Wang and X. L. Xie, Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 509, 395-401 (2019).
10
10. J. R. Richards, T. E. Albertson, R. W. Derlet, R. A. Lange, K. R. Olson and B. Z. Horowitz, Drug Alcohol Depend., 150, 1-13 (2015).
11
11. G. M. Reisfield, B. A. Goldberger and R. L. Bertholf, Bioanalysis, 1, 937-952 (2009).
12
12. A. Saitman, H. D. Park and R. L. Fitzgerald, J. Anal. Toxicol., 38, 387-396 (2014).
13
13. A. D. de Jager and N. L. Bailey, J. Chromatogr. B, 879, 2642-2652 (2011).
14
14. S. J. Mulé and G. A. Casella, J. Anal. Toxicol., 12, 102-107 (1988).
15
15. E. R. Perez, J. A. Knapp, C. K. Horn, S. L. Stillman, J. E. Evans and D. P. Arfsten, J. Anal. Toxicol., 40, 201-207 (2016).
16
16. D. K. Lee, M. H. Yoon, Y. P. Kang, J. Yu, J. H. Park, J. Lee and S. W. Kwon, Food Chem., 141, 3931-3937(2013).
17
17. J. M. Halket, D. Waterman, A. M. Przyborowska, R. K. Patel, P. D. Fraser and P. M. Bramley, J. Exp. Bot., 56, 219-243 (2005).
18
18. C. Jiménez, R. Ventura and J. Segura, J. Chromatogr. B, 767, 341-351 (2002).
19
19. E. Trullols, I. Ruisánchez and F. X. Rius, Trends Anal. Chem., 23, 137-145 (2004).
20
20. R. Fogerson, D. Schoendorfer, J. Fay and V. Spiehler, J. Anal. Toxicol., 21, 451-458 (1997).
21
21. P. S. Cheng, C. Y. Fu, C. H. Lee, C. Liu and C. S. Chien, J. Chromatogr. B, 852, 443-449 (2007).
22
22. M. Gaugain-Juhel, B. Delépine, S. Gautier, M. P. Fourmond, V. Gaudin, D. Hurtaud-Pessel, E. Verdon and P. Sanders, Food Addit. Contam. Part A Chem. Anal. Control Expo. Risk Assess., 26, 1459-1471 (2009).
23
23. P. Hušek, J. Chromatogr. B, 717, 57-91 (1998).
24
24. K. Mohamed, J. Anal. Toxicol., 41, 639-645 (2017).
25
25. J. -Y. Moon, K. J. Kim, M. H. Moon, B. C. Chung and M. H. Choi. J. Lipid Res., 52, 1595-1603 (2011).
26
26. Y. Qiu, M. Su, Y. Liu, M. Chen, J. Gu, J. Zhang and W. Jia, Anal. Chim. Acta, 583, 277-283 (2007).
27
27. S. P. Elliott, D. W. S. Stephen and S. Paterson, Sci. Justice, 58, 335-345 (2018).
28
28. A. G. Verstraete and F. V. Heyden, J. Anal. Toxicol., 29, 359-364 (2005).
29
29. A. J. Barnes, I. Kim, R. Schepers, E. T. Moolchan, L. Wilson, G. Cooper, C. Reid, C. Hand and M. A. Huestis, J. Anal. Toxicol., 27, 402-407 (2003).
30
30. W. Y. Pyo, C. H. Jo and S. W. Myung, Chromatographia, 64, 731-737 (2006).
31
31. J. C. Cheong, J. Y. Kim, M. K. In and W. J. Cheong, Anal. Sci. Technol., 21, 41-47 (2008).
권호 내 다른 논문
- Enantiomeric purity test of R-(+)-alpha lipoic acid by HPLC using immobilized amylose-based chiral stationary phase
- Separation and recovery of semi-volatile substances of Cnidii Rhizoma, Aucklandiae Radix and Amomum Fructus by reduced pressure collections and GC-MS
- Development and validation of a qualitative GC-MS method for methamphetamine and amphetamine in human urine using aqueous-phase ethyl chloroformate derivatization
- Chemical characteristics of wet precipitation in urban and mountainous sites of Jeju Island
- Determination of trace bromate in various water samples by direct-injection ion chromatography and UV/Visible detection using post-column reaction with triiodide
- The effect of ventilation on reducing the concentration of hazardous substances in the indoor air of a Korean living environment
- more
추천 논문
학술지 홈페이지 이용 환경은 크롬 브라우저 사용을 권장합니다.