Abstract

This paper focuses on direct cinema as an educational material for media education, analyzes the film <Ex Libris - The New York Public Library> and proposes a plan for media education based on it. Frederick Wiseman's creative theory of 'discovery' and 'reconstruction' was applied to the analysis of the film and the design of educational contents. The analysis of the work is divided into three categories. First, the observation of the library ecosystem using the form of 'discovery' showed that sequences and scenes with their own characteristics, such as lectures and meetings, and daily scenes inside and outside the library, are presented, and the camera's role in filming them fulfills the task of an observer. No information about characters or events is presented, the audience is shown naturally, and no movie music is inserted, which shows the characteristics of 'discovery' in direct cinema. Second, in terms of 'reconstruction' to express the director's intention, the long running time, linear time organization, and cross-editing of the three aforementioned types of sequences show how the library is presented to the audience. Finally, in terms of 'reconstruction', the film's main theme is the role of libraries in modern society. Through the meeting scenes and various events, the film reveals that libraries provide educational opportunities for citizens, function as digital hubs, and are responsible for the socially disadvantaged, such as the youth, homeless, and disabled. Based on the analysis of the work, the media education plan is to cultivate the attitude of observation and recording, learn video language, create direct cinema, and derive a sense of theme. The attitude of observation and recording is applied to both viewing and creating media materials, and learners can learn video grammar and apply it to creating direct cinema, and understand the characteristics of direct cinema that emphasizes social themes and derive thematic awareness.