- Apply for Authority
- KOREAN
- P-ISSN2287-8327
- E-ISSN2288-1220
- SCOPUS, KCI
ISSN : 2287-8327
Age and life history of an old black pine (Pinus thunbergii Parl.) tree at Cave Temple on Mt. Sanbangsan, Jeju Island, Korea, died due to pine wilt disease in 2013
(Graduate School, Kookmin University)
(Warm-Temperate and Subtropical Forest Research Center, Korea Forest Research Institute)
(Warm-Temperate and Subtropical Forest Research Center, Korea Forest Research Institute)
(Institute of Forest Science, Kookmin University)
(Graduate School, Kookmin University)
(Graduate School, Kookmin University)
(Graduate School, Kookmin University)
(Korea Forest Research Institute)
- Downloaded
- Viewed
Abstract
In 2013, the epidemics of pine wilt disease caused by the pine wood nematodes (Bursaphelenchus xylophilus) resulted in damages to the forests of black pine (Pinus thunbergii Parl.) trees in Jeju Island, Korea. Among the affected trees, an old black pine tree at Cave Temple on Mt. Sanbangsan was included and died due to the prevalence of pine wilt disease. The tree was on Mt. Sanbangsan, which was designated as a National Scenic Place with the Number 77 and was believed to be more than 400 years old in age. By examining the disc of the tree stem obtained from the height of 2 m, we counted the tree rings from 4 different directions and cross-dated the readings by comparing the records of drought simulated from the BROOK Model. Our analysis indicates that the tree seems to have grown since late 1860s. Contrary to the belief of the general public, we can conclude that the age of the tree was estimated to be at maximum 150 years, which means that it was not the same old tree as was shown in the painting of the Tam-Ra-Sun-Ryeok-Do (an old painting book for the Inspection Tour of Jeju Island) published in 1702. Discussion was extended to the life history of the tree in growth and leaning and the measures to protect the tree species from the damages of the pine wilt disease caused by pine wood nematodes.
- keywords
- age of old tree, black pine (Pinus thunbergii), BROOK Model, Cave Temple on Mt. Sanbangsan, Inspection Tour of Jeju Island, leaning of the tree, life history, pine wilt disease, pine wood nematode, radial increment, Tam-Ra- Sun-Ryeok-Do
Reference
Bergdahl DR, Halik S. 1999. Inoculated Pinus sylvestris serve as long term hosts for Bursaphelenchus xylophilus. In: Sustainability of Pine Forests in Relation to Pine Wilt and Decline. Proceedings of International Symposium, Tokyo, 27-28 October 1998 (Furai K, Togashi K, Ikeda T, eds). Shokado, Kyoto, Japan, pp 73-78.
Cheng HR, Lin M, Li W, Fang Z. 1983. The occurrence of a pine wilting disease caused by nematode found in Nanjing. For Pest Dis. 4: 1-5.
Federer CA. 1993. BROOK90: A Simulation Model for Evapotranspiration, Soil Water, and Streamflow. USDA Forest Service, Durham, NH,.
Federer CA, Lash D. 1978. BROOK: A Hydrologic Simulation Model for Eastern Forests. Research Report No. 19. Water Resource Research Center, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH.
Fritts HC. 1976. Tree Rings and Climate. Academic Press, New York, NY.
Furuno T, Futai K. 1983. Growth of pines inoculated with pine wood nematode (Bursaphelenchus xylophilus), especially on the growth for three years after inoculation. Bull Kyoto Univ For 55: 1-19.
Halik S, Bergdahl DR. 1994. Long-term survival of Bursa-phelenchus xylophilus in living Pinus sylvestris. For Pathol 24: 357-363.
Kim ES. 1993. Distribution and radial growth patterns of Japanese red pine trees (Pinus densiflora Sieb. et Zucc.) growing on Mt. Namsan in central Seoul, Korea. Forest and Humanity 6: 31-67. (in Korean with English abstract)
Kim ES. 1994. Ecological examinations of the radial growth of pine trees (Pinus densiflora S. et Z.) on Mt. Namsan and the potential effects of current level of air pollutants to the growth of the trees in central Seoul, Korea. J KAPRA 10: 371-386.
Kim ES. 2003. Age and radial growth patterns of a lace-bark pine (Pinus bungeana), the Natural Monument No. 4 of Korea. Korean J Ecol 26: 34-38. (in Korean)
Kim ES. 2010a. Simulation of daily soil moisture content and reconstruction of drought events from the early 20th century in Seoul, Korea, using a hydrological simulation model, BROOK. J Ecol Field Biol 33: 47-57.
Kim ES. 2010b. Statistical interpretation of climate change in Seoul, Korea, over the last 98 years. J Ecol Field Biol 33: 37-45.
Kim ES, Kim YS. 2000. Possibility of climate change and simulation of soil moisture content on Mt. Hallasan National Park, Chejudo Island, Korea. Korean J Ecol 23: 117-123.
Kishi Y. 1995. The Pine Wood Nematode and the Japanese Pine Sawyer. Thomas Co., Tokyo.
Kiyohara T, Tokushige Y. 1971. Inoculation experiments of a nematode, Bursaphelenchus sp. onto pine trees. J Jpn For Soc 53: 210-218.
Lee HS. 1702. Tam-Ra-Sun-Ryeok-Do [Inspection Tour of Jeju Island: an old Korean painting book for inspection tour of Jeju Island]. Jeju National Museum, Jeju, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province, 690-782, Korea.
Lee YH, Seok HD, Koo JC. 2014. Policy Issue of Pine Wild Disease and Its Control: Agricultural Policy Focus Report 87. Korea Rural Economic Institute, Seoul. (in Korean)
Mamiya Y. 1972. Pine wood nematode, Bursaphelenchus lignicolus Mamiya and Kiyohara, as causal agent of pine wilting disease. Rev Plant Prot Res 5: 46-60.
Manion PD. 1981. Tree Disease Concepts. Prentice-Hall. Englewood Cliffs, NJ.
Nickle WR. 1970. A taxonomic review of the genera of the Aphelenchoidea (Fuchs) Thorne, 1949 (Nematoda: Tylenchida). J Nematol 2: 375-392.
Schweingruber FH. 1993. Trees and Wood in Dendrochronology. Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
Shoji T, Jinno Y. 1985. Seasonal time of inoculation of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus associated with disease development in pine trees in the Tohoku region. Trans Mtg Jpn For Soc 96: 461-462. (in Japanese)
Steiner G, Buhrer EM. 1934. Aphelenchoides xylophilus n. sp., a nematode associated with blue-stain and other fungi in timber. J Agric Res 48: 949-951.
Takeuchi Y, Futai K. 2007. Asymptomatic carrier trees in pine stands naturally infected with Bursaphelenchus xylophilus. Nematology 9: 243-250.
Tzean S, Jan S. 1985. The occurrence of pine wood nematode, Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, in Taiwan. In: Proceedings of the 6th ROC symposium of electron microscopy, pp 38-39.
Yi C, Byun B, Park J, Yang S, Chang K. 1989. First finding of the pine wood nematode, Bursaphelenchus xylophilus (Steiner & Buhrer) Nickle and its insect vector in Korea. Res Rep For Res Inst Seoul 38: 141-149.
Yoon MY. 2011. The historical background and style of Inspection Tour of Jeju Island in the early 18th century. J Kor Res Assoc Old Maps 3: 43-62. (in Korean)
- Downloaded
- Viewed
- 0KCI Citations
- 0WOS Citations