open access
메뉴
open access
메뉴최근 몇 년 간 범행의 동기가 불분명하고 자신과 관계없는 불특정 다수를 상대로 무차별적으로 폭력을 휘두르는 소위 ‘묻지마 범죄’가 시민들의 공포의 대상이 되고 있다. 특히 묻지마 범죄는 전혀 일면식이 없는 상대로부터 누구라도 범죄 피해를 입을 수 있다는 점 뿐만 아니라, 당분간 증가할 것으로 예측되고 있다는 점에서 시민들의 불안을 가중시키고 있다. 그러나 묻지마 범죄와 관련하여 학술적으로 합의된 명확한 정의나 개념은 아직 존재하지 않으며, 묻지마 범죄에 대한 정확한 통계나 범행 동기 및 심리적 특성에 대한 조사 역시 아직 체계적으로 이루어지지 않는 등 묻지마 범죄에 대한 학술적인 연구는 아직 초기 단계에 있다. 따라서, 본 연구에서는 우선 묻지마 범죄의 원인을 사회적 원인과 개인적 원인으로 나누어 다각도로 분석하고, 이를 바탕으로 국내에서 발생한 묻지마 범죄 사례를 분석하였다. 또한 묻지마 범죄의 유형과 관련된 선행 연구를 바탕으로, 사례들에 공통적으로 나타난 원인과 특성을 분석하여 묻지마 범죄를 ‘현실불만형’과 ‘정신장애형’의 두 가지 유형으로 분류하였다. 우선, ‘현실 불만형’은 실직이나 경제적 빈곤 등 자신의 어려운 처지에 대한 비관과 좌절로 인해 사회 전반에 대한 불만과 분노가 누적되어 불특정 다수를 향한 범죄를 저지르는 유형이다. 반면 ‘정신 장애형’은 누군가 자신을 해치려 한다는 망상이나 우울증 등의 정신 질환이 범행과 밀접한 관련이 있는 유형이다. 이처럼 묻지마 범죄의 원인 및 특성, 유형 분류를 통해, 본 연구는 궁극적으로 향후 묻지마 범죄에 대해 보다 체계적으로 대처하여 묻지마 범죄를 예방하는데 일조하고자 하였다. 마지막으로, 본 연구의 한계점과 후속 연구에 대해 논의하였다.
Recently, there has been a growing fear of ‘nonspecific motive crime’ in which offender’s motivation is obscure and victims are randomly selected. Especially, not only the fact that victims are targeted by a perfect stranger for no specific reasons, but also the notion that nonspecific motive crime is expected to increase for a while, exacerbate the public’s fear. However, widespread agreement upon the academic definition or conceptualization of ‘nonspecific motive crime’ has not been established yet. Furthermore, detailed statistics of its occurrence have not been identified yet, and only a little research about motivation and psychological features of offenders has been conducted. Therefore, the present study first aimed to examine various causes of nonspecific motive crime, including individual and social factors surrounding the offender. Based on these factors, the present study reviewed several nonspecific motive crimes that occurred in South Korea for recent years. The present study also differentiated nonspecific motive crime into two types-‘the social discontent’ and ‘the insane’-by analyzing the common causes and characteristics of the cases. ‘The social discontent’ refers to offenders who committed crime as their expression of accumulated frustration, dissatisfaction, or anger with the present state of the society, mostly derived from one’s difficult situations, such as loss of employment or poverty. On the other hand, ‘the insane’ refers to the offenders who committed crime mainly because of their mental disorder, such as paranoid schizophrenia and depression. By analyzing the causes and characteristics and differentiating them into types, the present study eventually seeks ways of systematically preventing nonspecific motive crime. Finally, limitations of the present study are discussed and suggestions for future research are made.
심리학과 법학의 융합 학문인 법심리학은 심리학의 한 분야로 법체계나 법률과 관련된 문제들에 심리학의 이론, 연구, 또는 실제를 적용하는 분야를 말한다. 최근 법심리학에 대한 관심이 증가하고 있지만 분야에 대한 정확한 이해가 부족하여 범죄심리학이나 법정심리학이라는 분야와 혼용되어 사용되면서 혼란이 가중되고 있다. 본 논문은 역사적인 사건들에 대한 설명을 시작으로 심리학과 법학의 융합 학문에 대한 명칭의 발달과 법심리학 분야에 대한 다양한 정의, 그리고 법정심리학과 범죄심리학 분야와의 비교를 통해 법심리학에 대한 이해를 도모하고자 하였다. 또한 외국 학자들이 법심리학의 연구 영역을 어떻게 구분하였는지 살펴보고 외국의 교육 및 훈련 내용 및 윤리 규정을 설명하여 한국에서 필요한 교육 및 훈련 내용을 세부적으로 살펴보았다. 한국에서 법심리학 관련 정책적 변화에 대한 설명을 통해 법심리학 분야에 대한 발전 가능성 및 정책적 제언을 제시하였다.
Forensic psychology is a subdiscipline of psychology that applies theory, research, or practice of psychology to problems and issues related to the legal and criminal justice system. Recently, public interest in the area has grown immensely, but lack of clear understanding and use of multiple terminologies resulted in public confusion and misunderstanding of the field. Therefore, starting with historical events, the current study discussed development of the terminology, definitions provided by scholars and academic organizations, and a comparison between other related areas of research domains in order to provide full description of the field of forensic psychology. In addition, this paper examined how other scholars explained research domains of forensic psychology and described education and training as well as ethical guidelines of North American countries in order to examine what types of education and training should be provided in Korea. Lastly, policy changes related to forensic psychology and policy implications in Korea were also discussed.
The aim of this paper is to explain the recent expansion of female prostitution and of HIV/AIDS as its consequence in the Philippines and Thailand. In section two was presented an overview of the major theoretical frameworks within which prostitution has been analysed. Sections three provided an overview of sexuality and gender relations in the Philippines and Thailand. It could be focused in particular on how they have changed historically and also explained how changing conceptions of sexuality have been utilised by the Philippine and Thai governments for political and economic purposes. Section four briefly compared the situation in the two countries, emphasising the economic reasons why women choose prostitution aspect of criminological perspectives. The recent expansion of prostitution in the Philippines and Thailand is caused by the growth of foreign presence as a result of specific development strategies. It is based on and reinforces patriarchal ideology. Because of the importance of earning foreign currency, the Philippine and Thai governments have promoted tacitly prostitution in tourism and labour-export. Prostitution is a rational choice for some women who suffer from poverty, because of recent socio-economic transformations, lack of education and employment opportunities. Moreover, certain cultural factors encourage women to enter prostitution. However, prostitution is technically illegal in both countries and because of this legal status; prostitutes are put in a vulnerable position in society. If prostitution is accepted as work, legal provisions like other occupations should be provided. In the countries studies, prosperity has for too long been dependent on the continuation of female subordination and poverty, and they have neglected to pay attention to the long-term effect of HIV/AIDS on prostitutes.
The aim of this paper is to explain the recent expansion of female prostitution and of HIV/AIDS as its consequence in the Philippines and Thailand. In section two was presented an overview of the major theoretical frameworks within which prostitution has been analysed. Sections three provided an overview of sexuality and gender relations in the Philippines and Thailand. It could be focused in particular on how they have changed historically and also explained how changing conceptions of sexuality have been utilised by the Philippine and Thai governments for political and economic purposes. Section four briefly compared the situation in the two countries, emphasising the economic reasons why women choose prostitution aspect of criminological perspectives. The recent expansion of prostitution in the Philippines and Thailand is caused by the growth of foreign presence as a result of specific development strategies. It is based on and reinforces patriarchal ideology. Because of the importance of earning foreign currency, the Philippine and Thai governments have promoted tacitly prostitution in tourism and labour-export. Prostitution is a rational choice for some women who suffer from poverty, because of recent socio-economic transformations, lack of education and employment opportunities. Moreover, certain cultural factors encourage women to enter prostitution. However, prostitution is technically illegal in both countries and because of this legal status; prostitutes are put in a vulnerable position in society. If prostitution is accepted as work, legal provisions like other occupations should be provided. In the countries studies, prosperity has for too long been dependent on the continuation of female subordination and poverty, and they have neglected to pay attention to the long-term effect of HIV/AIDS on prostitutes.
