ISSN : 2093-3843
Recently, there has been a growing fear of ‘nonspecific motive crime’ in which offender’s motivation is obscure and victims are randomly selected. Especially, not only the fact that victims are targeted by a perfect stranger for no specific reasons, but also the notion that nonspecific motive crime is expected to increase for a while, exacerbate the public’s fear. However, widespread agreement upon the academic definition or conceptualization of ‘nonspecific motive crime’ has not been established yet. Furthermore, detailed statistics of its occurrence have not been identified yet, and only a little research about motivation and psychological features of offenders has been conducted. Therefore, the present study first aimed to examine various causes of nonspecific motive crime, including individual and social factors surrounding the offender. Based on these factors, the present study reviewed several nonspecific motive crimes that occurred in South Korea for recent years. The present study also differentiated nonspecific motive crime into two types-‘the social discontent’ and ‘the insane’-by analyzing the common causes and characteristics of the cases. ‘The social discontent’ refers to offenders who committed crime as their expression of accumulated frustration, dissatisfaction, or anger with the present state of the society, mostly derived from one’s difficult situations, such as loss of employment or poverty. On the other hand, ‘the insane’ refers to the offenders who committed crime mainly because of their mental disorder, such as paranoid schizophrenia and depression. By analyzing the causes and characteristics and differentiating them into types, the present study eventually seeks ways of systematically preventing nonspecific motive crime. Finally, limitations of the present study are discussed and suggestions for future research are made.
Forensic psychology is a subdiscipline of psychology that applies theory, research, or practice of psychology to problems and issues related to the legal and criminal justice system. Recently, public interest in the area has grown immensely, but lack of clear understanding and use of multiple terminologies resulted in public confusion and misunderstanding of the field. Therefore, starting with historical events, the current study discussed development of the terminology, definitions provided by scholars and academic organizations, and a comparison between other related areas of research domains in order to provide full description of the field of forensic psychology. In addition, this paper examined how other scholars explained research domains of forensic psychology and described education and training as well as ethical guidelines of North American countries in order to examine what types of education and training should be provided in Korea. Lastly, policy changes related to forensic psychology and policy implications in Korea were also discussed.
The aim of this paper is to explain the recent expansion of female prostitution and of HIV/AIDS as its consequence in the Philippines and Thailand. In section two was presented an overview of the major theoretical frameworks within which prostitution has been analysed. Sections three provided an overview of sexuality and gender relations in the Philippines and Thailand. It could be focused in particular on how they have changed historically and also explained how changing conceptions of sexuality have been utilised by the Philippine and Thai governments for political and economic purposes. Section four briefly compared the situation in the two countries, emphasising the economic reasons why women choose prostitution aspect of criminological perspectives. The recent expansion of prostitution in the Philippines and Thailand is caused by the growth of foreign presence as a result of specific development strategies. It is based on and reinforces patriarchal ideology. Because of the importance of earning foreign currency, the Philippine and Thai governments have promoted tacitly prostitution in tourism and labour-export. Prostitution is a rational choice for some women who suffer from poverty, because of recent socio-economic transformations, lack of education and employment opportunities. Moreover, certain cultural factors encourage women to enter prostitution. However, prostitution is technically illegal in both countries and because of this legal status; prostitutes are put in a vulnerable position in society. If prostitution is accepted as work, legal provisions like other occupations should be provided. In the countries studies, prosperity has for too long been dependent on the continuation of female subordination and poverty, and they have neglected to pay attention to the long-term effect of HIV/AIDS on prostitutes.