open access
메뉴
open access
메뉴
ISSN : 1225-3480
This study measured nitric oxide (NO) concentration using Griess assay in three shell length groups of spats aged 2.5 months that had been exposed to various concentrations of a pro-inflammatory drug (lipopolysaccharide, LPS). The shell lengths of small-, medium-, and large-size groups were 1.15 mm, 4.24 mm, and 6.40 mm, respectively, suggesting that there was significant variation in the shell length even though they were fertilized simultaneously. The NO concentration increased significantly as the LPS concentration increased specifically, NO was the highest in spats of small size followed by spats of medium and large sizes. Thus, our study showed that failure to thrive (FTT) spats are more susceptible to inflammation-inducing environments. We conclude that NO measurement using Griess assay is useful for evaluating the health of spats, and FTT spats are likely to have a low resistance to inflammatory conditions and poor health.
Bogdan, C. (2001) Nitric oxide and the immune response. Nature Immunology, 2: 907-916.
Chakraborty, S., Ray, M. and Ray, S. (2012) Arsenic toxicity: A heart-breaking saga of a freshwater mollusc. Tissue Cell, 44: 151-155.
Cochennec-Laureau, N., Auffret, M., Renault, T. and Langlade, A. (2003) Changes in circulating and tissue-infiltrating hemocyte parameters of European flat oysters, Ostrea edulis, naturally infected with Bonamia ostreae. Journal of Invertebrate Pathology, 83: 23-30.
Kim, S.H. (2018) Studies on growth and physiology of the spats of the imported and domestic manila clam, Ruditapes philippinarum, Kunsan National University masters thesis.
KOSIS, (2018) Korean statistical information service. http://kosis.kr/index/index.do.
Menaka, K.B., Ramesh, A., Thomas, B. and Kumari, N.S. (2009) Estimation of nitric oxide as an inflammatory maker in periodontitis. Journal of Indian Society of Periodontology, 13: 75-78.
Nam, K.-W., Yang, H.-S. and Park, K.-I. (2013) Quantification of nitric oxide concentration in the hemocytes of Manila clam Ruditapes philippinarum by using 4,5-diaminofluorescein diacetate (DAF-2) detection method. The Korean Journal of Malacology, 29: 15-21.
Palmer, R.M.J., Ferrige, A.G. and Moncadab, S. (1987) Nitric oxide release accounts for the biological activity of endothelium derived relaxing factor. Nature, 327: 524-526.
Park, K.-I. (2013) Variation of nitric oxide concentrations in response to shaking stress in the Manila clam Ruditapes philippinarum. The Korean Journal of Malacology, 29: 1-6.
Song, J.H. (2015) Strategy for the sustainable development of Manila clam farming industry. Aquaculture (Korean "Yangsik"). 9: 70-74. (in Korean)
Taffala, C., Gomez-Leon, J., Novoa, B. and Figueras, A. (2003) Nitrite oxide production by carpet shell calm (Ruditapes decussatus) hemocytes. Development of Comparative Immunology, 27: 197-205.
Thiriot-Quievreux, C., Pogson, G.H. and Zouros, E. (1992) Genetics of growth rate variation in bivalves: aneuploidy and heterozygosity effects in a Crassostrea gigas family. Genome, 35: 39-45.