- Apply for Authority
- KOREAN
- P-ISSN2287-8327
- E-ISSN2288-1220
- SCOPUS, KCI
ISSN : 2287-8327
Soil organic carbon characteristics relating to geomorphology near Vestre Lovénbreen moraine in Svalbard
- Downloaded
- Viewed
Abstract
Soil organic carbon (SOC) in the Arctic is vulnerable to climate change. However, research on SOC stored in the high Arctic regions is currently very limited. Thus, this study was aimed at understanding the distribution and characteristics of SOC with respect to geomorphology and vegetation in Svalbard. In August 2011, soil samples were collected near the Vestre Lovénbreen moraine. Sampling sites were chosen according to altitude (High, Mid, and Low) and differences in levels of vegetation establishment. Vegetation coverage, aboveground biomass, and SOC contents were measured, and density-size fractionation of SOC was conducted. The SOC content was the highest in the Mid site (126.9 mg g-1) and the lowest in the High site (32.1 mg g-1), although aboveground biomass and vegetation coverage were not different between these two sites. The low SOC content measured at the High site could be related to a slower soil development following glacial retreat. On the other hand, the Low site contained a high amount of SOC despite having low vegetative cover and a high ratio of sand particles. These incompatible relationships between SOC and vegetation in the Low site might be associated with past site disturbances such as runoff from snow/glacier melting. This study showed that geomorphologi¬cal features combined with glacier retreat or melting snow/glacier effects could have affected the SOC distribution and vegetation establishment in the high Arctic.
- keywords
- geomorphological features, high Arctic, soil organic carbon (SOC), SOC fractions, Svalbard, vegetation establishment
Reference
ACIA. 2004. Impacts of a warming Arctic: Arctic climate impact assessment . Overview report. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
Bekku YS, Nakatsubo T, Kume A, Koizumi H. 2004. Soil microbial biomass, respiration rate, and temperature de-pendence on a successional glacier foreland in Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard. Arct Antarct Alp Res 36: 395-399.
Berhe AA, Harden JW, Torn MS, Harte J. 2008. Linking soil organic matter dynamics and erosion-induced terrestrial carbon sequestration at different landform positions. J Geophys Res. DOI 10.1029/2008JG000751.
Bockheim JG, Hinkel KM. 2007. The importance of “deep” organic carbon in permafrost-affected soils of Arctic Alaska. Soil Sci Soc Am J 71: 1889-1892.
Burke IC, Lauenroth WK, Riggle R, Brannen P, Madigan B, Beard S. 1999. Spatial variability of soil properties in the shortgrass steppe: the relative importance of topography, grazing, microsite, and plant species in controlling spatial patterns. Ecosystems 2: 422-438.
Burnham JH, Sletten RS. 2010. Spatial distribution of soil organic carbon in northwest Greenland and underestimates of high Arctic carbon stores. Glob Biogeochem Cycles. DOI 10.1029/2009GB00366.
Doetterl S, Six J, Van Wesemael B, Van Oost K. 2012. Carbon cycling in eroding landscapes: geomorphic controls on soil organic C pool composition and C stabilization. Glob Change Biol 18: 2218-2232.
Dutta K, Schuur EAG, Neff JC, Zimov SA. 2006. Potential carbon release from permafrost soils of Northeastern Siberia. Glob Change Biol 12: 2336-2351.
Elliott ET, Cambardella CA. 1991. Physical separation of soil organic matter. Agric Ecosyst Environ 34: 407-419.
Etzelmoüller B, Sollid JL. 1996. Long-term mass balance of selected polythermal glaciers on Spitsbergen, Svalbard. Norsk Geogr Tidsskr - Nor J Geogr 50: 53-66.
Finzi AC, Canham CD, Van Breemen N. 1998. Canopy treesoil interactions within temperate forests: species effects on pH and cations. Ecol Appl 8: 447-454.
Golchin A, Oades JM, Skjemstad JO, Clarke P. 1994. Soil structure and carbon cycling. Aust J Soil Res 32: 1043-1068.
Haldorsen S, Heim M. 1999. An arctic groundwater system and its dependence upon climatic change: an example from Svalbard. Permafrost Periglacial Process 10: 137-149.
Hobbie SE, Schimel JP, Trumbore SE, Randerson JR. 2000. Controls over carbon storage and turnover in high-latitude soils. Glob Change Biol 6: 196-210.
Hodkinson ID, Coulson SJ, Webb NR. 2003. Community assembly along proglacial chronosequences in the high Arctic: vegetation and soil development in north-west Svalbard. J Ecol 91: 651-663.
Jones KPN, McCave IN, Patel D. 1988. A computer-interfaced sedigraph for modal size analysis of fine-grained sediment. Sedimentology 35: 163-172.
Kabala C, Zapart J. 2012. Initial soil development and carbon accumulation on moraines of the rapidly retreating Werenskiold Glacier, SW Spitsbergen, Svalbard archipelago. Geoderma 175-176: 9-20.
Kaiser C, Meyer H, Biasi C, Rusalimova O, Barsukov P, Richter A. 2007. Conservation of soil organic matter through cryoturbation in arctic soils in Siberia. J Geophys Res. DOI 10.1029/2006JG000258.
Kimble JM, Grossman RB, Samson-Liebig SE. 2001. Methodology for sampling and preparation for soil carbon determinations. In: Assessment Methods for Soil Carbon (Lal R, Kimble JM, Follett RF, Stewart BA, eds). CRC Press, Boca Raton, pp 15-30.
Lal R, Pimentel D. 2008. Soil erosion: A carbon sink or source? Science 319: 1040-1042.
Lützow MV, Kögel-Knabner I, Ekschmitt K, Matzner E, Guggenberger G, Marschner B, Flessa H. 2006. Stabilization of organic matter in temperate soils: mechanisms and their relevance under different soil conditions - a review. Eur J Soil Sci 57: 426-445.
Matthews JA. 1992. The Ecology of Recently-deglaciated Terrain: A Geoecological Approach to Glacier Forelands and Primary Succession. Cambridge University, Cambridge.
McGuire AD, Anderson LG, Christensen TR, Dallimore S, Guo L, Hayes DJ, Heimann M, Lorenson TD, Macdonald RW, Roulet N. 2009. Sensitivity of the carbon cycle in the Arctic to climate change. Ecol Monogr 79: 523-555.
Mishra U, Riley WJ. 2012. Alaskan soil carbon stocks: spatial variability and dependence on environmental factors. Biogeosciences Discuss 9: 5695-5718.
Nakatsubo T, Bekku YS, Uchida M, Muraoka H, Kume A, Ohtsuka T, Masuzawa T, Kanda H, Koizumi H. 2005. Ecosystem development and carbon cycle on a glacier foreland in the high Arctic, Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard. J Plant Res 118:173-179.
Nelson DW, Sommers LE. 1996. Total carbon, organic carbon, and organic matter: laboratory methods. In: Methods of Soil Analysis. Part 3. Chemical Methods (Sparks DL, Page AL, Helmke PA, Loeppert RH, Soltanpour PN, Tabatabi MA, Johnston CT, Sumner ME, eds). SSSA, Madison, WI, pp 961–1010.
Norwegian Meteorological Institute. Weather statistics for Svalbard Airport observation site (Svalbard). http://www.yr.no/place/Norway/Svalbard/Svalbard_Airport_observation_site/statistics.html. Accessed 12 May 2014.
Paré MC, Bedard-Haughn A. 2011. Optimum liquid density in separation of the physically uncomplexed organic matter in Arctic soils. Can J Soil Sci 91: 65-68.
R Development Core Team. 2011. R: A language and environment for statistical computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna.
Rönning OI. 1996. The Flora of Svalbard. Polar handbook, Norwegian Polar Institute, Oslo.
Schaetzl RJ, Anderson S. 2005. Soils: Genesis and geomorphology. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, New York.
Schuur EAG, Bockheim J, Canadell JG, Euskirchen E, Field CB, Goryachkin SV, Hagemann S, Kuhry P, Lahleur P, Lee H, Mazhitova G, Nelson FE, Rinke A, Romanovsky VE, Shiklomanov N, Tarnocai C, Venevsky S, Vogel JG, Zimov SA. 2008. Vulnerability of permafrost carbon to climate change: Implications for the global carbon cycle. Bioscience 58: 701-714.
Six J, Callewaert P, Lenders S, De Gryze S, Morris SJ, Gregorich EG, Paul EA, Paustian K. 2002. Measuring and understanding carbon storage in afforested soils by physical fractionation. Soil Sci Soc Am J 66: 1981-1987.
Six J, Elliott ET, Paustian K. 2000. Soil macroaggregate turnover and microaggregate formation: a mechanism for C sequestration under no-tillage agriculture. Soil Biol Biochem 32: 2099-2103.
Six J, Schultz PA, Jastrow JD, Merckx R. 1999. Recycling of sodium polytungstate used in soil organic matter studies. Soil Biol Biochem 31: 1193-1196.
Sollins P, Homann P, Caldwell BA. 1996. Stabilization and destabilization of soil organic matter: mechanisms and controls. Geoderma 74: 65-105.
Spycher G, Sollins P, Rose S. 1983. Carbon and nitrogen in the light fraction of a forest soil: Vertical distribution and seasonal patterns. Soil Sci 135: 79-87.
Tarnocai C, Canadell JG, Schuur EAG, Kuhry P, Mazhitova G, Zimov S. 2009. Soil organic carbon pools in the northern circumpolar permafrost region. Glob Biogeochem Cycles. DOI 10.1029/2008GB003327.
Torn MS, Swanston CW, Castanha C, Trumbore SE. 2009. Storage and turnover of organic matter in soil. In: Biophysico-chemical processes involving natural nonliving organic matter in environmental systems (Senesi N, Xing B, Huang PM, eds). Wiley, Hoboken, New Jersey, pp 215-268.
Van Oost K, Quine TA, Govers G, Gryze SD, Six J, Harden JW, Ritchie JC, McCarty GW, Heckrath G, Kosmas C, Giraldez JV, Silva JRMD, Merckx R. 2007. The impact of agricultural soil erosion on the global carbon cycle. Science 318: 626-629.
Wander M. 2004. Soil organic matter fractions and their relevance to soil function. In: Soil organic matter in sustainable agriculture (Magdoff F, Ray RW, eds). CRC Press, Boca Raton, pp 67-102.
- Downloaded
- Viewed
- 0KCI Citations
- 0WOS Citations