P300 숨긴정보검사에서는 조사대상자가 거짓을 말하고 있는지 판단하기 위하여 관련자극의 P300 진폭이 무관련자극의 P300 진폭보다 통계적으로 유의하게 더 큰지를 평가한다. 구체적인 통계적 방법으로 독립표본 t 검증 또는 부트스트랩 방법을 사용할 수 있다. Rosenfeld와 Soskins, Bosh, Ryan(2004)은 “개인 내에서 관련자극과 무관련자극의 P300 평균을 비교하는데 사용하기에는 t 검증이 너무 둔감하다.”면서 부트스트랩 방법을 사용하였다. 본 연구의 목적은 P300 숨긴정보검사에서 t 검증의 검증력이 부트스트랩 방법보다 더 낮은지 평가하는 것이다. 이를 위하여 39명의 실험참가자로부터 측정한 뇌파자료를 이용하여 Monte Carlo 연구를 수행하였다. 연구결과, t 검증과 백분위를 이용한 부트스트랩 방법의 1 종 오류율은 서로 비슷하였으며, 백분위를 이용한 부트스트랩 방법의 검증력이 t 검증의 검증력보다 약간 더 높았다. 두 검증 방법의 1 종 오류율은 모두 유의수준보다 낮은 값을 보였으며, 검증력은 이론적인 t 검증의 검증력보다 약간 낮은 값을 보였다. 반면에 표준오차를 이용한 부트스트랩 방법의 1 종 오류율과 검증력은 이론적인 t 검증의 1 종 오류율 및 검증력과 비슷한 값을 보였으며, t 검증의 검증력보다 실험조건에 따라 .012 ~ .081 더 높았다.
In P300-based concealed information test (P300 CIT), it evaluates whether the P300 amplitude for the probe is significantly greater than that of the irrelevant to determine if the suspect is telling a lie. An independent sample t-test or a bootstrap method can be used as a statistical test to make that decision. Rosenfeld et al. (2004) used the bootstrap method, claiming that “t tests on single sweeps are too insensitive to use to compare mean probe and irrelevant P300s within individuals” and their method has been accepted to date. The purpose of the study is to evaluate whether the power of t-test is lower than that of the bootstrap method in the P300 CIT. The Monte Carlo study was conducted by using EEG collected from 39 participants. The results showed that the type I error rates of the t-test and the percentile bootstrap method were similar and the power of the percentile bootstrap method was slightly higher than that of the t-test. The type I error rates of the t-test and the percentile bootstrap method were slightly lower than the significance level and the powers of the two tests were also slightly lower than that of the theoretical t-test. On the other hand, the type I error rate and power of the standard error Bootstrap method were the same as those of the theoretical t-test and its power was .012 ~ .081 higher than that of t-test depending on experimental conditions.
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