초록

Abstract

This study investigated the selection of distracters for identification lineups based on suspect-matched, description-matched, and composite-matched procedures. The composite-matched procedure was newly developed and had components of visual description. Child and adult participants watched a video in which a “crime” occurred and then identified the perpetrator two days later from the lineups that were created based on the similarity to the suspect picture, verbal description and composites made by children. Results showed that the identification from the description-matched lineups was more accurate than the other two in the perpetrator-absent condition. Participants’ confidence on their answers was marginally higher in the perpetrator-present condition than perpetrator-absent condition. Adults were more accurate than children, however showed no significant differences among three lineup procedures. Both suspect and composite matched procedures have visual components. Higher similarity among distractors on these procedures could have caused children to be more confused and less accurate than adults and to be relatively better in the description matched procedure.

초록

본 연구는 아동․청소년 대상 성범죄자의 유형과 특성을 살펴봄으로써 그들에 대한 바른 이해를 돕고자 했다. 결코 간과해서는 안 되는 재범율이라는 근거를 통해 그들의 위험성과 치료적 개입의 필요성을 알리는 것을 목적으로 하였다. 그리고 효과적인 치료를 위해 꼭 필요한 적절한 대상자 선별과 예후 평가 방법에 대해 알아보았다. 또 약물치료와 인지행동치료를 바탕으로 한 외국의 교정심리치료 프로그램들을 소개함으로써 현재 우리 사회에서 행해지고 있는 단순 구금이나 징벌적 처우와는 다른 시각으로 성범죄를 바라보고자 했다.

Abstract

Recently, reports of sexual offenses against children and youth are sharply increasing in South Korea. The purpose of this study was to investigate treatment programs for reducing recidivism of sexual offenses. In order to achieve this goal, this study first reviewed concepts and features about child molesters. Then, the reasons why therapeutic programs are needed were explained. Recidivism rates and treatment effects of sexual offenders were then carefully analyzed because they are regarded as critical indicators revealing the need for a treatment approach for sexual offenders. Lastly, therapeutic programs including drug treatment and cognitive-behavioral treatment were analyzed focusing on characteristics, procedures, theories and effectiveness of the programs.

초록

최근 아동 성폭력 및 신체 학대와 같은 범죄 사건과 관련하여 아동이 목격자, 피해자 혹은 관련 참조인으로 연루되는 사례가 기하급수적으로 증가함에 따라 경험한 사건에 대한 아동의 회상 보고를 요구하는 경우도 늘어나고 있다. 아동 보고의 정확성은 연령에 따른 아동의 언어적 혹은 인지적 발달 수준에 의해 다분히 영향을 받을 수 있다. 특히 아동의 의사소통 능력, ‘시간’ 개념에 대한 이해 정도, 환상적 인물에 대한 믿음 수준 등의 요인들과 관련하여 많은 연구들이 이루어져 왔다. 그러나 안타깝게도 국내에서는 아직까지 아동 진술의 신뢰성이해에 필요한 발달심리학적 접근이 매우 부족한 실정이다. 따라서 본 논문은 국외의 아동 발달 연구들을 중심으로 연령에 따른 아동의 회상 보고 역량과 그에 대한 한계점들을 아동의 진술 능력과 접목하여 고찰해 보고자 하였다. 이는 궁극적으로 아동 진술을 담당하는 법조계 전문가들 및 현장의 실무자들에게 아동의 언어 및 인지 발달적 특성에 대한 학문적 지식을 제공함으로써 아동 진술의 정확성 판별에 도움이 되고자 한다.

Abstract

Unfortunately, a growing number of children are subjected to sexual or physical abuse in our society as well as in the worldwide. Increased awareness of such issue has resulted in many children coming forward to testify regarding what they have witnessed or experienced. However, compared to adults, children are seriously vulnerable to various types of influences when providing elaborate reports of their experiences. For example, children’s reports are affected by several developmental characteristics in abilities to communicate, concepts of time, differentiating between fantasy and reality and so forth. Indeed, extensive empirical evidence in this field has supported that there is a great deal of developmental capacities and limitations in children’s testimony and yet there has been few articles to review what we currently know about the capacities and limitations of children’s testimony with developmental perspective. Thus, the goal of this paper is to consolidate the body of knowledge related to critical variables impacting on children’s testimony. Ultimately, it would be helpful for interviewers and legal professionals to have a better understanding and ensure the optimal conditions for children to deliver accurate and detailed accounts of their past experiences.