open access
메뉴
open access
메뉴
ISSN : 1225-3480
실험에 사용된 미세조류는 이매패류 종묘생산시 유생과 치패의 먹이생물로 주로 이용되고 있는 Isochrysis galbana, Pavlova lutheri, Chaetoceros simplex, Tetraselmis tetrathele 등 4종을 선정하였으며, 배양환경으로 수온 (20, 25, 30, <TEX>$35^{\circ}C$</TEX>), 염분 (20, 25, 30, 33 psu) 그리고 조도 (60, 100, <TEX>$140{\mu}mol\;m^{-2}s^{-1}$</TEX>) 를 서로 달리하여 4종의 미세조류에 대한 성장을 조사하였다. I. galbana의 성장은 수온 <TEX>$20^{\circ}C$</TEX> 보다 <TEX>$25^{\circ}C$</TEX>에서 빠른 성장을 나타내었으며, 수온 <TEX>$25^{\circ}C$</TEX>일 때 일간 성장률은 염분 33 psu에서 0.413으로 가장 높았고, 20 psu에서 0.368로 가장 낮게 나타났다 (P < 0.05). 25 psu에서 일간 성장률은 0.383으로 30 psu 보다 낮게 나타났고, 20 psu 보다 높은 경향을 보였다 (P < 0.05). 이와 같은 수온과 염분에 따른 미세조류의 성장률은 종별로 다소 차이는 있으나 P. lutheri, T. tetrathele에서도 I. galbana의 성장과 유사한 경향을 나타내었다. 한편, C. simplex의 성장은 수온 <TEX>$25^{\circ}C$</TEX> 보다 <TEX>$30^{\circ}C$</TEX>에서 빠른 성장을 나타내었으며, 수온 <TEX>$30^{\circ}C$</TEX>에서 일간 성장률은 배양 10일째 염분 33 psu에서 0.428로 가장 높았고, 20 psu에서 0.389로 가장 낮게 나타났다 (P < 0.05). 그리고 서로 다른 조도에서 배양한 미세조류 4종의 성장은 <TEX>$100{\mu}mol\;m^{-2}s^{-1}$</TEX> 보다 <TEX>$140{\mu}mol\;m^{-2}s^{-1}$</TEX>의 조도에서 가장 빠른 성장을 나타내었다 (P < 0.05).
In order to investigate the live food value of microalgae for efficacious rearing of larvae and spats of bivalve, we studied growth rates of four microalgal species (Isochrysis galbana, Pavlova lutheri, Chaetoceros simplex, Tetraselmis tetrathele) cultured in different environmental conditions. These include changes in temperatures (20, 25, 30 and 35℃), salinities (20, 25, 30 and 33 psu) and light intensities (60, 100 and 140 μmol m-2 s-1). The growth rate of I. galbana was faster at 25℃ than that of 20℃. At 25℃ the highest growth rate of I. galbana was observed at 33 psu (0.413) and the lowest at 20 psu (0.368) in 10 days of culture (P < 0.05). The growth rate of I. galbana was lower at 25 psu (0.383) than that of 30 psu and higher than that of 20 psu (P < 0.05). Similar temperature and salinity-dependent changes were also found in P. lutheri and T. tetrathele. C. simplex showed faster growth rate at 30℃ than that of 25℃. The highest growth rate of C. simplex was observed at 33 psu (0.428) and the lowest at 20 psu (0.389) in 10 days of culture (P < 0.05). Upon exposure to the light with different intensities, all four microalgal species showed a significantly faster growth rate at 140 μmol m-2 s-1 than at 100 μmol m-2 s-1 (P < 0.05).
Admiraal, W. (1977) Tolerance of estuarine benthic diatoms to high concentrations of ammonia, nitrite ion, nitrate ion and orthophosphate. Marine Biology, 43: 307-315.
Ballantine, J.A, Lavis, A. and Morris, R.J. (1979) Sterols of the phytoplankton-effects of illumination and growth stage. Phytochemistry, 18: 1459-1466.
Benemann, J.R. (1992) Mciroalgae Aquaculture feeds. Journal of Applied Phycology, 4: 233-245.
Breese, W.P. and Malouf, R.E. (1977) Hatchery rearing techniques for oyster Crassostrea rivularis Gould. Aquaculture, 12: 123-126.
Brown, M.R., Jeffrey, S.W., Volkman, J.K. and Dunstan, G.A. (1997) Nutritional properties of microalgae for mariculture. Aquaculture, 151: 315-331.
Coutteau, P. and Sorgrloos, P. (1992) The use of algal substitutes and the requirement for live algae in hatchery and nursery rearing bivalve molluscs : an international survey. Journal of Shellfish Research, 11: 467-476.
De Pauw, N. and Pruder, G. (1986) Use and production of microalgae as food in Aquaculture: practoces, problems and research needs. In: Bilio M, Rosenthal H and Sinderman CJ (Eds.). Realism in Aquaculture:Achievements, Constrains, Perspectives. European Aquaculture Society, Bredene, 77-106.
Donaldson, J. (1991) Commercial production of microalgae at coast Oyster company. In: Fulks W and Main KL (Eds.). Proceedings of US-Asia Workshop on Rotifer and Microalgae Culture, Honolulu, Hawaii. The Oceanic Institute, HI, USA, 229-236.
Duncan, D.B. (1955) Multiple-range and multiple F tests. Biometrics, 11: 1-42.
Durbin, E.G. (1974) Studies on the adtecology of the marine diatom Thalassiosira nordenskoldii Cleve: Ⅰ. The influence of daylength, light intensity and temperature on growth. Journal of Phycology, 10:220-225.
Enright, C.T., Newkirk, G.F., Craigiel, J.S. and Castell, J.D. (1986) Evaluation of phytoplankton as diets for juvenile Ostrea edulis L. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 96: 1-13.
Gallager, S.M. and Mann, R. (1986) Growth and survival of larvae of Mercenaria mercenaria (L.) and Crassostrea virginica (Gmelin) relative to brood conditioning and lipid content of eggs. Aquaculture, 56: 105-121.
Guillard, R.R.L. (1973) Division rates. In: Handbook of phycological methods. Culture method and growth measurement. Stein JR. (Ed.) Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 289-311.
Helm, M.M. and Millican, P.F. (1977) Experiments in the hatchery rearing of Pacific oyster larvae (Crassostrea gigas Thunberg). Aquaculture, 11: 1-12.
Helm, M.M. and Laing, L. (1987) Preliminary observation on the nutritional value of "Tahiti Isochrysis" to bivalve larvae. Aquaculture, 62:281-288.
His, E., Robert, R. and Dinet, A. (1989) Combined effects of temperature and salinity on fed and starved larvae of the Mediterranean mussel Mytilus galloprivincialis and the Japanese oyster Crassostrea gigas. Marine Biology, 100: 455-463.
Hur, Y.B. (2004) Dietary value of microalgae for larvae culture of Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas. Ph.D. thesis, Pukyong National University, 133pp.
Hur, Y.B., Min, K.S., Kim, T.E., Lee, S.J. and Hur, S.B. (2008) Larvae growth and biochemical composition change of the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas, larvae during artificial seed production. Journal of Aquaculture, 21: 203-212.
Jeffrey, S.W., Garland, C.D. and Brown, M.R. (1990)Microalgae in Australian mariculture. Biology of Marine Plants. Longman Cheshire, Melbourne, 400-414.
Jitts, H.R., Mcalister, C.D., Stephens, K. and Strickland, J.D.H. (1963) The cell division rates of some marine phytoplanktons as a function of light and temperature. Journal of Fisheries Research Board of Canada, 21: 139-157.
Kain, J.M. and Fogg, G.E. (1958) Studies one the growth of marine phytoplankton. Ⅱ. Isochrysis galbana (Parke). Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the U.K., 37: 781-788.
Kim, C.W. and Hur, S.B. (1998) Selection of optimum species of Tetraselmis for mass culture. Journal of Aquaculture, 11: 231-240.
Kongkeo, H. (1991) An overview of live feeds production system design in Thailand, Rotifer and Microalgae Culture systems. Proceedings of a U.S-Asia Workshop. Honolulu, Hawaii, January, 28-31.
Lannan, C.J. (1980a) Broodstock management of Crassostrea gigas. Ⅰ. Genetic and environmental variation in survival in the larval rearing system. Aquaculture, 21: 323-336.
Lannan, C.J. (1980b) Broodstock management of Crassostrea gigas. Ⅲ. Selective breeding for improved larval survival. Aquaculture, 21: 347-351.
Maddux, W.S. and Raymond, F.J. (1964) Some interaction of temperature, light intensity and nutrient concentration during the continuous culture of Nitzschia closterium and Tetraselmis sp. Limnology and Oceanography, 9: 79-86.
Min, B.H. (2012) Dietary Value of Three Microalgal Species for Seedling Production of the Ark Shell Scapharca broughtonii, Ph.D. Thesis, Pukyong National University, 118pp.
Min, K.S., Chang, Y.J., Park, D.W., Jung, C.G., Kim, D.H. and Kim, G.H. (1995) Studies on Rearing conditions for mass seedling production in Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas. Bulletin of National Fisheries Research and Development Agncy, 49:91-111.
Nell, J.A. and Holliday, J.E. (1988) Effects of salinity on the growth and survival of Sydney rock oyster (Saccostrea commercialis) and Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) larvae and spat. Aquaculture, 68:39-44.
Park, D.Y. (1985) The Effect of light intensity on the quantitative and qualitative growth of phytoplanktonic food organism, Monochrysis lutheri (Droop). Bulletin of National Fisheries Research and Development Institute, 39: 73-88.
Park, J.E. (1994) The optimum culture environment of four species of phyto-food organism. Master thesis, National Fisheries University of Busan, Busan. 34pp.
Powell, E.N., Bocheneck, E.A., Klinck, J.M. and Hoofmann, E.E. (2002) Influence of food quality and quantity on the growth and development of Crassostrea gigas larvae a modeling approach. Aquaculture, 210: 89-117.
Robert, R., His, E. and Dinet, A. (1988) Combined effects of temperature and salinity on fed and starved larvae of the European flat oyster Ostrea edulis. Marine Biology, 97: 95-100.
Ryu, H.Y. (1987) The effects of light intensity and temperature on the growth of phytoplanktonic food organism Isochrysis galbana (Parke). Bulletin of National Fisheries Research and Development Institute, 40: 21-42.
Smayda, T.J. (1969) Experimental observations on the influence of temperature, light and salinity on cell division of the marine diatom, Detonula confervacea (Cleve) Gran. Journal of Phycology, 5: 150-157.
Ukeles, R. (1961) The effect of temperature on the growth and survival of several marine algal species. Bulletin, 120: 255-264.
Walne, P.R. (1974) Culture of bivalve molluscs. Whitefriars Press Ltd., London and Tondridge, 173pp.
Web, K.L. and Chu, F.L.E. (1983) Phytoplankton as a food source for bivalve larvae. In: Pruder, G.D., Langdon, C., Conklin, D. (Eds.), Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference of Aquaculture Nutrition: Biochemical and Physiological Approaches to Shellfish Nutrition, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, pp. 272-291.
Wilson, J.H. (1978) The food value of Phaeodactylum tricornutum Bohlin ti the larvae of Ostrea edulis L. and Crassostrea gigas Thunberg. Aquaculture, 13:313-323.
Whyte, J.N.C. (1987) Biochemical composition and energy content six species of phytoplankton used in mariculture of bivalves. Aquaculture, 60: 231-241.
Yun, H.Y. (2005) Growth of culture environment on food organism. M.S. thesis, Mokpo National University, 60pp.