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ISSN : 1225-3480
피조개 유생의 최적 성장과 먹이생물의 이용성을 높이기 위해 현재 인공종자생산에서 많이 이용되고 대량배양이 용이한 미세조류 4종 (I. galbana, P. lutheri, C. simplex, T. tetrathele) 을 대상으로 먹이생물이 피조개 유생의 발달단계별 성장 및 생존에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 초기 D형 유생을 대상으로 먹이생물 4종을 단독 또는 혼합 공급하여 8일간의 사육 실험 결과, 먹이생물 4종을 혼합 공급한 실험구에서 평균 각장 <TEX>$129.6{\pm}5.7{\mu}m$</TEX>로 가장 빠른 성장을 보였고 (P < 0.05), P. lutheri와 C. simplex의 혼합 공급구 (<TEX>$125.3{\pm}5.6{\mu}m$</TEX>) 와는 유의한 차이가 없었으며, I. galbana와 C. simplex 등 다른 2종을 혼합한 공급구 보다는 유의하게 높은 성장을 나타내었다 (P < 0.05). 그리고 초기 각정기, 각정기, 후기 각정기 유생 단계에서의 성장도 초기 D형 유생 단계와 유사한 경향을 보였으며, 일간성장과 생존율은 성장 실험과 유사한 경향을 나타내었다. 초기 D형 유생을 대상으로 먹이생물 4종을 <TEX>$0.5{\times}10^4$</TEX>, <TEX>$1{\times}10^4$</TEX>, <TEX>$2{\times}10^4$</TEX>, <TEX>$5{\times}10^4$</TEX>, <TEX>$8{\times}10^4cells/mL/day$</TEX> 밀도로 8일간 혼합 공급하여 사육한 결과, <TEX>$2{\times}10^4cells/mL$</TEX> 밀도에서 <TEX>$125.8{\pm}5.1{\mu}m$</TEX>로 가장 빠른 성장을 보였고 (P < 0.05), <TEX>$1{\times}10^4$</TEX> 과 <TEX>$5{\times}10^4cells/mL$</TEX> 공급구 간에는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 먹이 공급량이 많을수록 유생의 성장은 양호하였으나, <TEX>$8{\times}10^4cells/mL$</TEX> 밀도에서는 사육 8일째 전량 폐사하였다. 그리고 초기 각정기, 각정기, 후기 각정기 유생 단계에서도 초기 D형 유생 단계와 유사한 경향을 보였으며 일간성장과 생존율은 성장 실험과 유사한 경향을 나타내었다. 따라서 피조개 유생 사육을 위한 먹이생물은 C. simplex를 포함한 2종 이상을 혼합하여 <TEX>$1{\times}10^4-2{\times}10^4cells/mL$</TEX>의 밀도로 공급하는 것이 효과적인 것으로 판단된다.
Supply of proper microalgae is very critical because it determines total production and cost of larval Ark shell, Scapharca broughtonii during larval development stages. Besides, nutrient requirements of microalgae should be carefully determined for successful larval Ark shell production. In order to improve utilization of microalgae being used for artificial Ark shell seed production and optimum larval growth of Ark shell, growth and survival (%) of larvae on development stage of Scapharca broughtonii fed on four different microalgal species (Isochrysis galbana, Pavlova lutheri and Chaetoceros simplex, Tetraselmis tetrathele) were investigated. In D shape stage the larvae fed on mixed diet with four microalgal species showed the highest growth in shell length (129.6 ± 5.7 μm) and survival (84.2 ± 5.8%) (P < 0.05). The growth and survival (%) of the larvae fed on mixed diet with two microalgal species of P. lutheri + C. simplex were lower than mixed diet with four microalgal species and significantly higher than other mixed diet with two microalgal species (P < 0.05). Such change in the growth and survival of larvae fed on different microalgal species varies with larval development stages although a similar tendency on the growth, daily increment of shell length and survival in D shape, early umbone, umbone and late umbone stages were observed. In D shape stage the larvae fed on the feeding concentration (2 × 104 cells/mL/day) of mixed diet with four microalgal species showed the highest growth in shell length (125.8 ± 5.1 μm) and the feeding concentration (1 × 104 cells/mL/day) of mixed diet showed the highest survival (88.3 ± 4.9%) (P < 0.05). The growth of larvae tended to be higher, the higher the feeding concentration of diet but the lower survival of larvae showed, the higher feeding concentration of diet. Such change in the growth and survival of larvae fed on concentrations of mixed diet with four microalgal species varies with larval development stages although a similar tendency on the growth, daily increment of shell length and survival in D shape, early umbone, umbone and late umbone stages were observed. Daily feeding concentrations of 1 × 104- 2 × 104 cells/mL of microalgae mixed two species including C. simplex were very effective.
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