대중서사연구
- P-ISSN1738-3188
- E-ISSN2713-9964
SF영화에 나타난 프로메테우스의 모티프 —<엑스 마키나>를 중심으로
The Promethean Motif in SF Movies―the Case of the Film Ex Machina
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to reveal the changing aspects of the Promethean motif in SF movies by examining the use of this motif on the three layers of Promethean myth, Frankenstein motif, and contemporary SF movies in the film Ex Machina (2015). First, the greatest change of Ex Machina on the layer of the Promethean myth (creation of a living being) is that the character square of Prometheus - Epimetheus - Pandora - Zeus has been turned into a triangle of Nathan - Caleb – Ava. This means that there is a lack of the being whose role is to solve the problems caused by the development of science and technology and to bring a happy ending through the human’s usurpation of God and eventual replacement as Creator. Second, on the layer of the Frankenstein motif (taste of forbidden knowledge, hybris, and creature’s hatred towards the Creator), this film maintains the narrative centered around Dr. Frankenstein and his monster (Nathan and Ava) by making Caleb an eyewitness to the story of the Creator and the creature. Caleb’s role is similar to that of Captain Robert Walton of the novel Frankenstein, but the film differentiates itself from the novel through the emphasis of Ava’s ‘mechanicality.’ Third, on the layer of contemporary SF movies, unlike other such films, the revolt of the machine in Ex Machina is not quelled. The machine wins, and its power surpasses that of human beings. This requires the establishment of a new relationship between man and machine, suggesting the ‘emergence of a new species’ that does not belong to humans. The handling of the Promethean motif by Ex Machina through these various layers serves to enrich the narrative by compounding numerous classics into one motif and going further to introduce fresh elements by diverging from the common storyline. The significance of this study is to demonstrate the use of such multilayered motifs and, through this, the expansion of narrative through it in specific cases.
- keywords
- SF영화, 프로메테우스, 모티프, 엑스 마키나, 프랑켄슈타인, SF movie, Prometheus, motif, Ex Machina, Frankenstein
참고문헌
갈랜드, 알렉스, <엑스 마키나(Ex Machina)>, DVD, 유니버설픽쳐스, 2015.
맥지, <터미네이터—미래전쟁의 시작(Terminator Salvation)>, DVD, 플래니스 엔터테인먼트, 2010.
모스토우, 조나단, <터미네이터 3—라이즈 오브 더 머신(Terminator 3: Rise of the Machines)>, DVD, 우성엔터테인먼트, 2003.
빌뇌브, 드니, <블레이드 러너 2049(Blade Runner 2049)>, DVD, 소니픽쳐스, 2018.
스콧, 리들리, <블레이드 러너(Blade Runner), 파이널컷, DVD, 워너브라더스, 2006.
카메론, 제임스, <터미네이터(The Terminator)>, DVD, 20세기폭스, 2004.
카메론, 제임스, <터미네이터 2—심판의 날(Terminator 2: Judgment Day)>, DVD, 삼성영상사업단, 2000.
테일러, 앨런, <터미네이터 제니시스(Terminator Genisys)>, DVD, 비디오여행, 2016.
프로야스, 알렉스, <아이 로봇(I, robot)>, DVD, 20세기폭스, 2008.
Garland, Alex, Ex Machina, shooting script, London: DNA Films, 2013.
Shelley, Mary, Frankenstein or, The Modern Prometheus, New York: Penguin Books, 2003.
강우성, ｢인공지능시대의 인간중심주의와 타자화｣, 비교문학 72, 한국비교문학회, 2017, 5-34쪽.
김희선, ｢인공지능과 트랜스휴머니즘 논쟁—영화 <엑스마키나>와 <트랜센던스>를 중심으로｣, 문학과 영상 17-3, 문학과영상학회, 2016, 527-556쪽.
신상규, ｢현상적 감각 지식의 본성—메리는 무엇을 새롭게 알게 되었는가?｣, 과학철학 13-1, 한국과학철학회, 2010, 29-53쪽.
이선주, ｢포스트휴먼 관점에서 본 프랑켄슈타인 ｣, 19세기 영어권 문학 21-1, 19세기영어권문학회, 2017, 57-83쪽.
하수정, ｢다나 해러웨이의 사이보그 페미니즘과 혼종적 주체— 프랑켄슈타인 의 괴물을 중심으로｣, 영미어문학 118, 한국영미어문학회, 2015, 285-304쪽.
Asimov, Isaac, I, Robot, reprint edition, New York: Bantam Spectra Book, 2008.
Bird, Kai & Sherwin, Martin J., American Prometheus: The Triumph and Tragedy of J. Robert Oppenheimer, New York: Vintage Books, 2006.
Dick, Philip K., Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep?, New York: Del Ray, 1968.
Haraway, Donna, “A manifesto for cyborgs: science, technology, and socialist feminism in the 1980s”, Linda J. Nicholson (ed.), Feminism/Postmodernism, New York: Routledge, 1990, pp.190-233.
Hijiya, James A., “The Gita of Robert Oppenheimer”, Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society 144(2), The American Philosophical Society, 2000, pp.123-167.
Hindle, Maurice, Mary Shelley. Frankenstein or, The Modern Prometheus, New York: Penguin Books, 1994.
Jackson, Frank, “Epiphenomenal Qualia”; “What Mary Didn’t Know”, Peter Ludlow & Yujin Nagasawa & Daniel Stoljar (ed.), There’s something about Mary: essays on phenomenal consciousness and Frank Jackson’s knowledge argument, Cambridge, Mass.; London: MIT Press, 2004, pp.39-50; 51-56.
Lecourt, Dominique, Prométhée, Faust, Frankenstein: fondements imaginaires de l’éthique, Le Plessis-Robinson: Synthélabo Groupe, 1996.
Trousson, Raymond, Le thème de Prométhée dans la littérature européenne, 2ème éd., Genève: Droz, 1976.
Vernant, Jean-Pierre, Mythe et pensée chez les Grecs: études de psychologie historique, Paris: La Découverte, 1996.
- 다운로드 수
- 조회수
- 0KCI 피인용수
- 0WOS 피인용수