This study investigates on emergent process of the library in Republic of Indonesia through historical review. Under the Dutch and Japanese colonial control for around 350 years, library played a role as information control center. After independence of Republic of Indonesia, library was built as a result of government literacy project, but it has not been settled down as a public information center. Therefore, as an alternative activity, community libraries have been constructed to give a books and programs with its local community users in a private sectors. This situation represents that it is urgent to discuss with all society sectors to improve library role as a lifelong learning center and give a way to have a cultural sprit the citizens. The study suggests several policy agendas to improve library's public role in Indonesia society.