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E-ISSN : 2733-4538
본 연구의 목적은 주의력-결핍/과잉행동 장애(ADHD)와 품행장애(CD)의 충동성을 인지적인 결함 및 충동성과 관련된 성격 특성의 두 가지 차원에서 비교하는 것이다. 본 연구의 연구대상은 네 집단이었다. 첫 번째 집단은 ADHD로 진단된 정신과 환아 12명이었다. 두 번째 집단은 ADHD와 CD 공존집단 12명이었다. 세 번째 집단은 CD 집단 17명이었다. CD 집단과 ADHD와 CD 공존집단은 모두 소년 훈련원에 수감된 소년들이었다. 네 번째 집단은 정상 통제(NC) 집단 12명이었다. 네 집단 모두 남아들로만 구성되었다. 이들에게 지능검사와 실행기능을 측정하는 신경심리검사 그리고 MMPI를 실시하였다. 그 결과, 네 집단은 지능검사 상에서는 유의미한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 하지만 실행기능을 측정하는 신경 심리검사 상에서는 ADHD 집단 그리고 ADHD와 CD 공존집단이 CD 집단과 정상 통제집단에 비해 더 많은 오류수와 더 적은 정반응수를 나타내었다. 반면에 MMPI F척도에서는 CD 집단과 정상 통제집단에 비해 ADHD 집단 그리고 ADHD와 CD 공존집단이 더 높은 점수를 나타냈다. 또 4번(Pd) 척도의 경우에는 ADHD 집단과 정상 통제집단에 비해 CD 집단 그리고 ADHD와 CD 공존집단이 더 높은 점수를 보였다. 이러한 결과들은 주의력-결핍/과잉행동 장애의 충동성이 실행기능 상의 결함에 기초한 증상임을 시사해 준다. 그리고 품행장애의 충동성은 충동적인 성격 및 외부의 부정적인 피드백에 대해서 자아-동조적인 태도를 보이는 것과 연관된 것으로 보인다. 이러한 결과에 기초하여 주의력-결핍/과잉행동 장애와 품행장애의 충동성 문제를 효과적으로 다루기 위한 치료 기법이 논의되었다.
The purpose of present study is to examine the differences of impulsivity between Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder(ADHD) and Conduct Disorder(CD). The subjects of this study consist of four groups. ADHD patients(N=12) were sampled from psychiatry patients. CD group(N=17) and ADHD+CD comorbidity group (N=12) were sampled from a juvenile reformatory. Middle school students who were volunteer were assigned to Normal Control(NC) group(N=12). ADHD group, CD group, and ADHD+CD group were diagnosed using DSM-IV criteria. Four groups took the Intelligence test, executive function tests and MMPI. The results are as follows. Four groups had no difference in IQ. But ADHD and ADHD+CD group were significantly impaired on executive function measures compared with CD and NC group. CD group and ADHD+_CD group showed higher scores in MMPI 4(Pd) scale compared with ADHD and NC group. While CD group showed an average score in F scale, ADHD and ADHD+CD group did show high score in the same scale. This study suggests that impulsivity of ADHD reflects not impulsive personality trait but symptoms related to neuropsychological impairments. And it seems that impulsivity of CD reflects impulsive personality trait. While CD group showed ego-syntonic attitude toward their impulsivity, ADHD and ADHD+CD group show ego-dystonic attitude toward their impulsive problems. This study suggests that although ADHD and CD group show similar behavioral problems, different therapeutic approaches should be taken.
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