open access
메뉴
open access
메뉴
ISSN : 2093-3843
The purpose of this study is to examine the influences of physical environment features such as residential setting on the commitment of criminal behavior. In experimental 1, subjects evaluated the perceived criminal allowance within their actual residences and were asked to judge a criminal behavior in a given dilemma situation. The result shows that their judgments positive correlation with the criminal allowance. In experimental 2, residential environment was primed using 4 photographs each condition(well organized / badly organized environment). Subjects were asked to imagine that they lived in the areas in the photos. They decided to what extend the offenses can be allowed to live in the area surrounded with well organized environment, judged that their criminal behavior could be more accepted than those who in the area surrounded with disordered and badly organized one. And males tended to accept their crime more than females. The limitations of the study and suggestions for the further research were discussed.
The purpose of this paper is to attempt a role do emotional factor play in Durkheim's theory of crime. This paper would briefly highlighted Durkheim’s view that crime is a ‘Normal’ part of any human society, before going on to discuss the role of the emotional factors in his theory. In addition to fear, anger, and other basic human emotions, the feeling of belonging on social solidarity would also be interpreted as an ‘Emotional Factor’ for the purposes of this paper. The first part was Durkheim’s theory of crime and Merton’s view on anomie, here Durkheim defined crime or view it as normal rather than pathological phenomenon. The second part was role of emotional factor in society and also social solidarity which Durkheim used to demonstrate the role of emotional factor in society and these two social solidarity, Mechanical and Organic Solidarity. In conclusion part, it could be argued that Durkheim believe that a normal crime is a crime that was not excessive and the role emotional factor play in a society is to generate and maintain a society, also the division of labour in society of the forms of solidarity. According to Durkheim in his emotion, that which holds a society together, the glue of solidarity is emotion.
This study was to examine whether the influence of perfectionism on the assessment of the target person';s responsibility is moderated by the target person's control of the situation. Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale(Hewitt & Flett, 1991) was administered to 123 college(graduate) students and 45 adults. Assessment of responsibility for a problem and that for a solution were each measured with 5 scenarios of accidents in which the target person either had or didn't have some control over the happening of the accident. The results of linear regression analysis showed significant interaction effects of the participant’s perfectionism and the target person's controllability on the assessment of responsibility for a solution. In the assessment of responsibility for a solution, the group that is high on both the self-oriented and other oriented perfectionism assessed more responsibility for the damages to the target person than other groups of different combinations of the self- and the other-oriented perfectionisms. The implications of the results were discussed for the judges' and jurors' judgments for legal disputes.
The present study investigated sexual offenses committed in school against persons with disabilities, in terms of offender and victim characteristics, methods of operation, and offense characteristics. A total of 368 sexual offense cases between January 2010 and December 2013 which had been found guilty were collected from 133 legal written decisions. We compared ninety-nine cases against persons with disabilities with 269 cases against persons without disabilities. As a result, there were more male victims in sexual offenses committed in school against persons with disabilities than those against persons without disabilities. Most of offenders in cases against persons with disabilities were teenaged students with no criminal convictions. In addition, most of victims in cases against persons with disabilities were students of the school in which the offense occurred: they were alone in most of the cases at the time of the offense. In general the offender approached the victim by showing affection or giving compliments. The offense occurred in the restroom of the school, mostly in spring. In contrast, most offenders who committed sexual offenses against persons without disabilities were employed: some of them were employees of the school. They tended to plan the offense in advance and approached the victim by using authority. A considerable proportion of the offenses were occurred in elementary school, especially in the playground. Based on the current findings, the present study demonstrates detailed characteristics of the sexual offense cases against persons with disabilities, provides practical strategies for prevention, and aids to make policy implications for preventing crime against persons with disabilities.