ISSN : 1225-3480
<TEX>${\beta}$</TEX>-glucan은 면역증강제의 하나로 어류를 비롯한 척추동물의 사료첨가제에 널리 이용되고 있는 다당체이다. 본 연구는 척추동물과는 다른 면역체계를 갖고 있는 바지락의 면역반응에 <TEX>${\beta}$</TEX>-glucan이 미치는 영향을 조사하기 위하여 실시되었다. 이를 위하여 식물플랑크톤이 공급된 해수에 0, 0.1, 1%의 <TEX>${\beta}$</TEX>-glucan을 첨가하고 이 해수에 바지락을 매일 1시간 씩 2주간 노출시켜 먹이 섭식 시 <TEX>${\beta}$</TEX>-glucan이 흡수되도록 하였다. 바지락의 면역력은 혈구의 식세포작용과 혈림프액의 병원성 세균에 대한 정균력을 실험전과 <TEX>${\beta}$</TEX>-glucan을 급이한 2주 후 각 그룹별로 비교하였다. 실험결과 0.1%의 <TEX>${\beta}$</TEX>-glucan에 노출된 바지락의 식세포율은 대조구와 비교하여 뚜렷한 증가가 관찰되지 않았으나 1%의 <TEX>${\beta}$</TEX>-glucan에 노출된 경우 약 30%의 식세포율이 증가하였다. 또한 정균력에 관한 실험에서 <TEX>${\beta}$</TEX>-glucan은 바지락 혈림프액이 Vibrio tapetis, V. parahaemolyticus, V. ordalii 등의 병원성 세균의 증식을 억제케 함이 확인되었다. 바지락의 사망률 역시 <TEX>${\beta}$</TEX>-glucan에 노출된 바지락에서 낮았으며 이러한 경향은 <TEX>${\beta}$</TEX>-glucan의 농도가 높을수록 낮았다. 본 연구를 통하여 바지락은 <TEX>${\beta}$</TEX>-glucan에 의해 면역력이 상승하였으며, 주사방식이 아닌 해수 침지시에도 발생함을 확인하였다.
β-Glucan is a polysaccharide that is widely used as an adductive in fish feed to facilitate immune stimulation. This study aimed to investigate the effect of β-glucan on immune responses in the Manila clam Ruditapes philippinarum. For this purpose, three groups of R. philippinarum were exposed to 0%, 0.1%, or 1% β-glucan in sea water for 1 hr/day for 2 weeks using an immersion method. Thereafter, two immune parameters—phagocytic rate and antibacterial activity—were measured. R. philippinarum exposed to 1% β-glucan showed an approximate 30% significant increase in phagocytic rate. In addition, β-glucan significantly limited the growth of the pathogenic bacteria Vibrio tapetis, V. parahaemolyticus, and V. ordalii. Moreover, the mortality rates of β-glucan-treated clams decreased during a 17-day experiment. Our study suggests that treatment with β-glucan significantly increases the immune responses in R. philippinarum, and that immersion is a simple and effective method for immune stimulation in this species.
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