ISSN : 1225-3480
본 연구는 동해안산 코끼리조개 (Panopea japonica) 를 대량 종묘생산하기 위한 기초 연구로 사육 수온에 따른 치패의 생존율과 성장에 대해 조사하였다. 코끼리조개 치패는 외형적으로 건강한 것을 선별하여 12, 15, 18, 21, 24 그리고 <TEX>$27^{\circ}C$</TEX>로 설정한 인큐베이터에에서 6주간 생존과 성장을 조사하였다. 수온별 반치사시간 (median lethal time, LT50) 은 <TEX>$27^{\circ}C$</TEX>에서 29시간, <TEX>$24^{\circ}C$</TEX>에서 14.5일, <TEX>$21^{\circ}C$</TEX>에서 37.4일이었으며, 수온 <TEX>$12^{\circ}C$</TEX>, <TEX>$15^{\circ}C$</TEX>, <TEX>$18^{\circ}C$</TEX>에서는 42일간 생존율이 95.0%, 95.0%, 93.3%로 높았다. 사육 실험기간 동안 수온별 각장과 체중의 일간성장률은 <TEX>$12^{\circ}C$</TEX>에서는 0.100 mm, 2.212 mg, <TEX>$15^{\circ}C$</TEX>에서는 0.118 mm, 2.648 mg, <TEX>$18^{\circ}C$</TEX>에서는 0.127 mm, 2.836 mg, <TEX>$21^{\circ}C$</TEX>에서는 0.160 mm, 3.128 mg, 그리고 <TEX>$24^{\circ}C$</TEX>에서는 0.138 mm, 2.925 mg이었다. <TEX>$12-21^{\circ}C$</TEX> 구간에서는 수온이 높아짐에 따라서 각장과 체중의 증가가 빨랐으며, 특히 <TEX>$15-21^{\circ}C$</TEX>에서 각장과 체중의 성장이 좋았다. 그러나 <TEX>$21^{\circ}C$</TEX> 이상의 고수온에서는 폐사가 현저하게 증가하므로 치패 사육을 위한 수온은 <TEX>$15-18^{\circ}C$</TEX>가 적정한 것으로 판단된다.
This study was performed to determine the effect of water temperature condition on survival rate and growth of juvenile geoduck (Panopea japonica). Panopea japonica juveniles were bred for 6 weeks at 12, 15, 18, 21, 24 and 27℃ on incubator. Juveniles median lethal times (LT50) were 29 hours in 27℃, 14.5 day in 24℃, 37.4 day in 21℃. Survival rate of water temperature 12, 15 and 18℃ showed a high survival rate in 95.0%, 95.0% and 93.3% at 6 weeks. As a result of culturing for 6 weeks at 12, 15, 18, 21 and 24℃, a daily growth of shell length and total weight was 0.10 mm, 0.12 mm, 0.13 mm, 0.16 mm and 0.14 mm, and 2.21 mg, 2.65 mg, 2.84 mg, 3.13 mg and 2.93 mg. Juvenile shell length and total weight have significantly increased at 15-21℃. However, mortality rate has significantly increased at more than 21℃. As a result, appropriate water temperature for juveniles culturing considered 15-18℃.
Andersen, A. (1971) Spawning, growth, spatial distribution of the geoduck clam, Panopea generosa (Gould) in Hood Canal. Thesis (Ph. D.). University of washington. United States of America.
Arney, B.D. (2013) Thermal, dietary optimization in the hatchery culture of juvenile pacific geoduck clams (Panopea generosa, Gould 1850). Thesis (MS). University of British columbia. Canada.
Beattie, J.H. (1992) Geoduck enhancement in Washington State. Bulletin of the Aquaculture Association of Canada, 92: 18–24.
Beattie, J.H., Blake, B. (1999) Development of culture methods for the geoduck clam in the USA (Washington State), Canada (British Columbia). World Aquaculture, 30: 50–53.
Goodwin, C.L. (1973) Effects of salinity, temperature on embryos of the geoduck clam (Panopea generosa Gould). Proceedings of the National Shellfisheries Association, 63: 93-95.
Goodwin, C.L., Shaul, W., Budd, C. (1979) Larval development of the geoduck clam (Panope generosa, Gould). Proceedings of the National Shellfisheries Association, 69: 73–76.
Kim, H.S., Park, Y.J., Kim, W.K.,, Chang, J.W. (1991) Studies on ecology, growth of Panope japonica in shore of Kangwon Province, Korea. Bulletin of National Fisheries Research, Development Agency, 45: 269-282. [in Korean]
Kim J.M., Kim S.C., Hur J.W., Lim S.M., Kim Y.H., Deon S.C.,, Kang K.H.. (2012) Effect of water temperature on the larval development, spat growth of the cockle shell, Fulvia mutica. The Korean Journal of Malacology, 28(1): 7-12. [in Korean]
Lee, C.S. (1995) Studies on artificial reproduction of the Pacific geoduck Panopea generosa. Ph. D. thesis, Cheju National University, Korea. pp. 109. [in Korean]
Lee, C.S. (1997) Studies on feeding activity, environmental tolerance of geoduck clam, Panopea generosa. Journal of Aquaculture, 10(2): 213-218. [in Korean]
Lee, C.S., Baik K.K.,, Hong, K.E. (1998) Ecological studies on the habitat of geoduck clam, Panope japonica. Journal of Aquaculture, 11(1): 105-111. [in Korean]
Lee, C.S., Park, Y.J., Hong, K.E.,, Kim, Y.D., (1999)Influence of water temperature, stocking density on the growth, survival rate of geoduck clam, Panope japonica larvae. Bulletin of the National Fisheries Research. [in Korean]
Lee, C.S., Rho, S. (1997) Studies on the artificial seedling production of geoduck clam, Panope japonica. II. Development of egg, larvae. Journal of Aquaculture, 10: 25-32. [in Korean]
Nam, M.M., Lee, C., Kim, M., Kim, J.W., Kim, Y.D., (2014) Development, growth in fertilized eggs, larvae of the Japanese geoduck, Panopea japonica reared in the laboratory. The Korean Journal of Malacology, 30: 303–309.
Marshall, R., McKinley, R.S., Pearce, C.M. (2012)Effect of temperature on gonad development of the Pacific geoduck clam (Panopea generosa Gould, 1850). Aquaculture, 338–341: 264–273.
Marshall, R. (2012) Broodstock conditioning, larval rearing of the geoduck clam (Panopea generosa Gound, 1850). Thesis (Ph. D.) University of British columbia. Canada.
Shamshak, G.L., King, J.R., (2015) From cannery to culinary luxury : The evolution of the global geoduck market. Marine Policy, 55: 81–89.
You, B.J., Jeong, I.H., Lee, K.H., Choi, H.G. (1993)Quality, stability of frozen geoduck (Panope japonica A. Adams). Bulletin of the Korean Fisheries Society, 26(6): 549-556.
