바로가기메뉴

본문 바로가기 주메뉴 바로가기

logo

  • E-ISSN2233-5382
  • KCI

Exploring CRM through Technology-enabled Experience in Virtual Environment: The Era of COVID-19

The Journal of Industrial Distribution & Business / The Journal of Industrial Distribution & Business, (E)2233-5382
2022, v.13 no.4, pp.1-14
https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.13106/jidb.2022.vol13.no4.1
HAN, Seung Yeon
CHO, Yooncheong

Abstract

Purpose: The purpose of the study is to explore the application of Augmented Reality (AR) technology to enhance interactivity and decision making via technology-enabled experience particularly, in the context of COVID-19. This study investigated effects of perceived utilitarian value, hedonic value, social value, and perceived risk on customer satisfaction with AR technology that are rarely examined in previous studies. Research design, data and methodology: Online survey data was used in the study. This study applied factor analysis and regression analysis to test the hypotheses and employed ANOVA and mediation effect analysis to explore additional findings. Results: The results suggested that customers' perceived usefulness, arousal, social preference, innovativeness, financial risk, and performance risk have statistically significant effect on customer satisfaction. Conclusions: The findings of the study provided managerial and policy implications to develop and advertise the introduction of AR technology with the emphasis on the practical and utilitarian benefits of the technology. The result of this study highlighted the importance of customer relationship management by providing advanced services to customers through AR technology. This study contributes to technology-enabled CRM literature by providing the empirical result to verify the assumption that AR technology can be an effective tool of firms' CRM strategy

keywords
Customer Relationship Management (CRM), Experiential Marketing, Augmented Reality (AR), COVID-19, Customer Satisfaction

Reference

1.

Azuma, R., Baillot, Y., Behringer, R., Feiner, S., Julier, S., &Macintyre, B. (2001). Recent Advances in Augmented Reality. IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications, 21(6), 34-47.

2.

Baron, R. M., & Kenny, D. A. (1986). The Moderator-Mediator Variable Distinction in Social Psychological Research:Conceptual, Strategic, and Statistical Considerations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51(6), 1173-1182.

3.

Bobbitt, L. M., & Dabholkar, P. A. (2001). Integrating Attitudinal Theories to Understand and Predict Use of Technology‐Based Self‐Service: The Internet As an Illustration. International Journal of Service Industry Management, 12(5), 423-450.

4.

Buttle, F., & Maklan, S. (2015). Customer Relationship Management: Concepts and Technologies (3rd ed.). London, UK: Routledge.

5.

Casidy, R., & Wymer, W. (2016). A Risk Worth Taking: Perceived Risk As Moderator of Satisfaction, Loyalty, and Willingness to-Pay Premium Price. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 32, 189-197.

6.

Chevalier, J. A., & Mayzlin, D. (2006). The Effect of Word of Mouth on Sales: Online Book Reviews. Journal of Marketing Research, 43(3), 345-354.

7.

Cho, M., Bonn, M. A., Moon, S., & Chang, H. S. (2020). Home Chef Meal Kits: Product Attributes, Perceived Value and Repurchasing Intentions the Moderating Effects of Household Configuration. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management, 45, 192-202.

8.

Chung, M., Ko, E., Joung, H., & Kim, S. J. (2020). Chatbot EService and Customer Satisfaction Regarding Luxury Brands. Journal of Business Research, 117 (September), 587-595.

9.

Churchill, G. A. Jr., & Surprenant, C. (1982). An Investigation Into the Determinants of Customer Satisfaction. Journal of Marketing Research, 19(4), 491-504.

10.

Davis, F. D. (1989). Perceived Usefulness, Perceived Ease of Use, and User Acceptance of Information Technology. MIS Quarterly, 13(3), 319-340.

11.

Donovan, R. J., & Rossiter, J. R. (1982). Store Atmosphere: An Environmental Psychology Approach. Journal of Retailing, 58(1), 34-57.

12.

Farooq, A., Laato, S., & Islam, A. K. M. N. (2020). Impact of Online Information on Self-Isolation Intention during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Cross-Sectional Study. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 22(5), 1-32.

13.

Galbreath, J., & Rogers, T. (1999). Customer Relationship Leadership: A Leadership and Motivation Model for the Twenty‐First Century Business. The TQM Magazine, 11(3), 161-171.

14.

Gardete, P. M. (2015). Social Effects in the In-Flight Marketplace:Characterization and Managerial Implications. Journal of Marketing Research, 52(3), 360-374.

15.

Haller, M., Billinghurst, M., & Thomas, B. H. (2007). Emerging Technologies of Augmented Reality: Interfaces and Design. Hershey, PA: Idea Group Publishing. Hamilton,

16.

R. W., & Thompson, D. V. (2007). Is There a Substitute for Direct Experience? Comparing Consumers’ Preferences after Direct and Indirect Product Experiences. Journal of Consumer Research, 34(4), 546-555.

17.

Hansen, F. (1981). Hemispheral Lateralization: Implications for Understanding Consumer Behavior. Journal of Consumer Research, 8(1), 23-36.

18.

Holbrook, M. B., & Hirschman, E. C. (1982). The Experiential Aspects of Consumption: Consumer Fantasies, Feelings, and Fun. Journal of Consumer Research, 9(2), 132-140.

19.

Horton, R. L. (1976). The Structure of Perceived Risk: Some Further Progress. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 4(4), 694-706.

20.

Huang, Y., & Sengupta, J. (2020). The Influence of Disease Cues on Preference for Typical Versus Atypical Products. Journal of Consumer Research, 47(3), 393-411.

21.

Ivasciuc I. S. (2020). Augmented Reality and Facial Recognition Technologies: Building Bridges between the Hospitability Industry and Tourises during Pandemic. Bulletin of the Transilvania Uniersity of Brasov Series V: Economic Sciences, 13(62), 75-92.

22.

Javadi, M. H. M., Dolatabadi, H. R., Nourbakhsh, M., Poursaeedi, A., & Asadollahi, A. R. (2012). An Analysis of Factors Affecting on Online Shopping Behavior of Consumers. International Journal of Marketing Studies, 4(5), 81-98.

23.

Kumar, V., & Venkatesan, R. (2005). Who Are the Multichannel Shoppers and How Do They Perform?: Correlates of Multichannel Shopping Behavior. Journal of Interactive Marketing, 19(2), 44-62.

24.

Laato, S., Islam, A. K. M. N., Farooq, A., & Dhir, A. (2020). Unusual Purchasing Behavior During the Early Stages of the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Stimulus-Organism-Response Approach. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 57(July), 1-12.

25.

Laato, S., Islam, A. K. M. N., & Laine, T. H. (2020). Did Location Based Games Motivate Players to Socialize During COVID-19? Telematics and Informatics, 54, 1-12.

26.

Lamberton, C. P., & Rose, R. L. (2012). When Is Ours Better Than Mine? A Framework for Understanding and Altering Participation in Commercial Sharing Systems. Journal of Marketing, 76(4), 109-125.

27.

Lee, M. (2020). Experience Smart City Seoul in 3D and AR at the Seoul Citizens’ Hall. Seoul Shinmun, October, Seoul, Korea.

28.

Maklan, S., Antonetti, P., & Whitty, S. (2017). A Better Way to Manage Customer Experience: Lessons from the Royal Bank of Scotland. California Management Review, 59(2), 92-115.

29.

Martín-Gutiérrez, J., Mora, C. E., Añorbe-Díaz, B., & González-Marrero, A. (2017). Virtual Technologies Trends in Education. Eurasia Journal of Mathematics, Science and Technology Education, 13(2), 469-486.

30.

McGoldrick, P. J., & Collins, N. (2007). Multichannel Retailing:Profiling the Multichannel Shopper. International Review of Retail, Distribution and Consumer Research, 17(2), 139-158.

31.

McLean, G., & Wilson, A. (2019). Shopping in the Digital World:Examining Customer Engagement through Augmented Reality Mobile Applications. Computers in Human Behavior, 101, 210-224.

32.

Meyer, C., & Schwager, A. (2007). Understanding Customer Experience. Harvard Business Review, 85(2), 116-126.

33.

Milgram, P., & Colquhoun, H. W. Jr. (1999). A framework for relating head-mounted displays to mixed reality displays. Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting (pp.1177-1181). (September 27-October 1), Houston, Texas, USA, HCIRN.

34.

Moeller, S., & Wittkowski, K. (2010). The Burdens of Ownership:Reasons for Preferring Renting. Managing Service Quality: An International Journal, 20(2), 176-191.

35.

Navimipour, N. J., & Soltani, Z. (2016). The Impact of Cost, Technology Acceptance and Employees' Satisfaction on the Effectiveness of the Electronic Customer Relationship Management Systems. Computers in Human Behavior, 55, 1052-1066.

36.

Pallavicini, F., Giglioli, I. A. C., Kim, G., J., Alcañiz, M., & Rizzo, A. (2021). Editorial: Virtual Reality, Augmented Reality and Video Games for Addressing the Impact of COVID-19 on Mental Health. Frontiers in Virtual Reality, 2 (July), 1-2.

37.

Park, C. W., & Young, S. M. (1986). Consumer Response to Television Commercials: The Impact of Involvement and Background Music on Brand Attitude Formation. Journal of Marketing Research, 23(1), 11-24.

38.

Payne, A., & Frow, P. (2005). A Strategic Framework for Customer Relationship Management. Journal of Marketing, 69(4), 167-176.

39.

Peter, J. P., & Ryan, M. J. (1976). An Investigation of Perceived Risk at the Brand Level. Journal of Marketing Research, 13(2), 184-188.

40.

Pine, B. J., II, & Gilmore, J. H. (1998). Welcome to the Experience Economy. Harvard Business Review, 76(4), 97-105.

41.

Pine, B. J., II, & Gilmore, J. H. (2019). The Experience Economy, with a New Preface by the Authors: Competing for Customer Time, Attention, and Money. Brighton, MA: Harvard Business Review Press.

42.

Przybylski, A. K., Murayama, K., DeHaan, C. R., & Gladwell, V. (2013). Motivational, Emotional, and Behavioral Correlates of Fear of Missing out. Computers in Human Behavior, 29(4), 1841-1848.

43.

Rafique, H., Almagrabi, A. O., Shamim, A., Anwar, F., & Bashir, A. K. (2020). Investigating the Acceptance of Mobile Library Applications with an Extended Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). Computers & Education, 145(1), 1-13.

44.

Schmitt, B. (1999). Experiential Marketing. Journal of Marketing Management, 15(1-3), 53-67.

45.

Schoenbachler, D. D., & Gordon, G. L. (2002). Multi‐Channel Shopping: Understanding What Drives Channel Choice. Journal of Consumer Marketing, 19(1), 42-53.

46.

Shan, L. C., Panagiotopoulos, P., Regan, Á., De Brún, A., Barnett, J., Wall, P., & McConnon, Á. (2015). Interactive Communication with the Public: Qualitative Exploration of the Use of Social Media by Food and Health Organizations. Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior, 47(1), 104-108.

47.

Sheikhshoaei, F., & Oloumi, T. (2011). Applying the Technology Acceptance Model to Iranian Engineering Faculty Libraries. The Electronic Library, 29(3), 367-378.

48.

Sheridan, T. B. (1992). Musings on Telepresence and Virtual Presence. Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments, 1(1), 120-126.

49.

Sheth, J. (2020). Impact of COVID-19 on Consumer Behavior:Will the Old Habits Return or Die? Journal of Business Research, 117 (September), 280-283.

50.

Smink, A. R., Frowijn, S., van Reijmersdal, E. A., van Noort, G., & Neijens, P. C. (2019). Try Online Before You Buy: How Does Shopping With Augmented Reality Affect Brand Responses and Personal Data Disclosure. Electronic Commerce Research and Applications, 35 (May-June), 1-10.

51.

Strahilevitz, M., & Myers, J. G. (1998). Donations to Charity as Purchase Incentives: How Well They Work May Depend on What You Are Trying to Sell. Journal of Consumer Research, 24(4), 434-446.

52.

Statistics Korea. (2020). Monthly Online Shopping Survey (No. 101056). Statistics Korea (kostat.go.kr), South Korea. https://kosis.kr/eng/statisticsList/statisticsListIndex.do?menuI d=M_01_01&vwcd=MT_ETITLE&parmTabId=M_01_01

53.

Sun, J. (2014). How Risky Are Services? An Empirical Investigation on the Antecedents and Consequences of Perceived Risk for Hotel Service. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 37, 171-179.

54.

Sweeney, J. C., Soutar, G. N., & Johnson, L. W. (1999). The Role of Perceived Risk in the Quality-Value Relationship: A Study in a Retail Environment. Journal of Retailing, 75(1), 77-105.

55.

ter Huurne, E. F. J., Griffin, R. J., & Gutteling, J. M. (2009). Risk Information Seeking Among U.S. and Dutch Residents: An Application of the Model of Risk Information Seeking and Processing. Science Communication, 31(2), 215-237.

56.

Verhagen, T., Vonkeman, C., Feldberg, F., & Verhagen, P. (2014). Present It Like It Is Here: Creating Local Presence to Improve Online Product Experiences. Computers in Human Behavior, 39, 270-280.

57.

Wah Yap, B., Ramayah, T., & Nushazelin Wan Shahidan, W. (2012). Satisfaction and Trust on Customer Loyalty: A PLS Approach. Business Strategy Series, 13(4), 154-167.

58.

Watson, D., & Tellegen, A. (1985). Toward a Consensual Structure of Mood. Psychological Bulletin, 98(2), 219-235.

59.

Wedel, M., & Kannan, P. K. (2016). Marketing Analytics for Data-Rich Environments. Journal of Marketing, 80(6), 97-121.

60.

Weining, S., & Cheli, Z. (2020). Applications of Virtual Reality Modeling Language Technology for COVID-19 Pandemic. Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, 39(6), 8643-8653.

61.

Woodcock, N., Green, A., & Starkey, M. (2011). Social CRM as a Business Strategy. Journal of Database Marketing &Customer Strategy Management, 18(1), 50-64.

62.

Yim, M. Y., Chu, S., & Sauer, P. (2017). Is Augmented Reality Technology an Effective Tool for E-Commerce? An Interactivity and Vividness Perspective. Journal of Interactive Marketing, 39 (August), 89-103.

63.

Yim, M. Y., & Park, S. (2019). “I Am Not Satisfied With My Body, so I Like Augmented Reality (AR)”: Consumer Responses to AR-Based Product Presentations. Journal of Business Research, 100 (July), 581-589.

64.

Yoo, K. H. (2020). Changdeok Palace to welcome guests with 3D AR technology. Dong-A Ilbo, (July), Seoul, Korea.

65.

Yoon, H. Y. (2016). User Acceptance of Mobile Library Applications in Academic Libraries: An Application of the Technology Acceptance Model. The Journal of Academic Librarianship, 42(6), 687-693.

The Journal of Industrial Distribution & Business