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ISSN : 1225-3480
한국 서해안 2개 지역에서 수평망식 갯벌 굴의 성장과 폐사에 미치는 갯벌 환경요인의 영향을 밝히기 위하여 갯벌 굴 양식장의 특성을 조사하였다. 갯벌 굴의 양식 적지는 주로 서해안에 산재되어 있으나 지역별 생육환경 및 성장특성은 아직까지 전혀 조사된 바가 없어 양식적지 선정에 어려움을 겪고 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 수평망 양식이 이루어지고 있는 충남 태안지역과 서산지역에 대한 갯벌 굴의 성장 및 수질, 저질등에 관한 기초 환경조사를 실시하였다. 하계 및 동계의 기온과 수온, 염분 등은 갯벌 굴의 생존에 큰 영향을 미치는 것으로 판단되며, 양식여건은 서산에 비해 태안지역이 좀 더 적합한 것으로 나타났다. 갯벌 굴의 성장과 사망률을 측정한 결과태안지역이 서산지역에 비해 높은 성장률과 낮은 사망률을 보였다. 폐사율 역시 종료 시점인 2011년 6월에 서산지역의 폐사율이 높았다. 수평망식 갯벌 굴의 성장은 태안지역이 서산지역 보다 더 높게 나타났다. 갯벌 굴 종패의 성장 및 경제성 확보가 가능한 적정 수용밀도는 50 × 80 cm 크기의 플라스틱양성망의 경우 200개체 내외가 적절한 것으로 여겨진다. 갯벌굴의 양식적지 선정 및 우량종패의 입식과 적정 밀도로의 선별분산은 갯벌 굴의 성장과 폐사에 크게 영향을 미칠 뿐만 아니라 양식의 성패를 좌우할 수 있는 것으로 나타났다. 한국 정부에서는 2012년부터 갯벌 굴을 수산물 10대 고부가가치 전략품목으로 선정하여 친환경 양식 산업으로 육성하고 있다.
We investigated environmental characteristics of the mudflat oyster aquafarms to clarify effects of the mudflat environmental factors on growth and mortality of the mudflat oyster Crassostrea gigas by the Net Bag Rack Culture System in two districts in Western Korea. Although the suitable sites of the singe mudflat oyster aquafarms are mainly distributed in the west coast of Korea, we have much difficulties in selection because the investigations on the regional growth environment characteristics and growh charateristics have been still not carried out at all. In this study, we have carried out the basic environmental investigation on growth of the single mudflat, water quality and sediments, etc. in Taean and Seosan districts, Choongcheongnam-do, where the single mudflat oyster Aquaculture have been performed by the net bag rack culture system. In June 2011 when the final survey carried out at the two districts in western Korea, the mortality in Seosan district was higher than that in Tae-an district. In this study, the growths of the single mudflat oyster by the net bag rack culture system in Taean district were larger than those in Seosan district. It is assumed that air temperature, water temperature and salinity in the summer and winter seasons largely effected on survival of the single mudflat oyster. Aquaculture conditions in Taean district is more suitable than those in Seosan district. Judging from the results of growth and mortality of the single mudflat oysters investigated at two sites of Jinsan-ri in Taean and Chang-ri in Seosan districts, two results of Taean district showed higher growth and lower mortality than those of Seosan district. Therefore, Taean district appeared to be more suited for the inhabit conditions than those of Seosan district. It is assumed that the proper acceptable density possible for growth of the mudflat seeds and the secure of economics, in case of plastic cultivate net with the size of 50 x 80 cm, are about 200 individuals. In this study, It was clarified that selection of the suitable sites, the input into the net bag of high quality oyster seeds and selective dispersion in the optimal density of the single mudflat oyster have an effect on growth and mortality of the mudflat oyster. From 2012 year, Korean government selected the single mudflat oyster as one of the 10 big high value-added stretegic items, and has continued to promote as eco-friendly Aquaculture industry.
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