Purpose - The purpose of this study is to examine the current trends of women in management fields from an Australian perspective. With the increase of women in the workforce, this will prove to be a valuable study. Research design, data, and methodology - This paper observed past research on women in management in Australia and defined some factors on their characteristics. Comparisons between the unique characteristics of women in management in Australia compared to those in Asia or other Western countries were evaluated. Results - Our results have showed that there are an increasing number of women in the workforce in management areas in Australia, and they are steadily rising. The gradual shift of perception in society on women entering the workplace and working will continue to have a lasting effect on the number of women in careers of management. Conclusions - The perception of women being at-home moms and men working has begun to shift in the current era. With this change evident in many countries around the world, other countries will also be able to include more women into the workplace. Raising awareness of the issues women face in the management world will be beneficial for aiding future women leaders.
Abramson, J. (1975). The Invincible Woman: Discrimination in the Academic Profession. San Francisco, CA: Jossey Bass.
Acker, J. (2000). Gendered contradictions in organizational equity projects. Organization, 7(4), 625-632.
Acker, J. (2006). Inequality regimes: Gender, class, and race in organizations. Gender and Society, 20(4), 441-464.
Allen, E., Elam, A., Langowitz, N., & Dean, M. (2007). Report on Women and Entrepreneurship. Wellesley, MA: Babson College Global Entrepreneurship Research Association.
Allen, E., Langowitz, N., & Minniti, M. (2006). Report on Women and Entrepreneurship. Global Entrepreneurship Monitor. Boston, MA: Babson College.
Blinder, A. S. (1973). Wage discrimination: reduced form and structural estimates. Journal of Human Resources, 8(4), 436–455.
Brush, C. G. (1992). Research on women business owners: Past trends, a new perspective and future directions. Entrepreneurship Theory and Proactive, Summer, 1-30.
Burke, R. J. (1994). Women on corporate boards of directors: Forces for change?. Women in Management Review, 9, 27-31
Burton, C. (1991). The Promise and the Price: The Struggle for Equal Opportunity in Women's Employment. North Sydney: Allen & Unwin.
Cliff, J. E. (1998). Does one size fit all? Exploring the relationship between attitudes towards growth, gender, and business size. Journal of Business Venturing, 13, 523-542.
Cobb-Clark, D., & Barón, J. D. (2010). Occupational segregation and the gender wage gap in private- and public-sector employment: A distributional analysis. Economic Record, 86(273), 227–246.
Cobb-Clark, D., & Tan, M. (2011). Noncognitive skills, occupational attainment, and relative wages. Labor Economics, 18(1), 1–13.
Cockburn, C. (1991). In the Way of Women: Men's Resistance to Sex Equality in Organizations. London, UK: Macmillan.
Connell, R. (1987). Gender and Power: Society, the Person and Sexual Politics. Sydney: Allen & Unwin.
Eastough, K., & Miller, P. (2004). The gender wage gap in paid- and self-employment in Australia. Australian Economic Papers, 43(3), 257–276.
Eveline, J., & Bacchi, C. (2009). Obeying organizational rules of relevance: Gender analysis of policy. Journal of Management & Organization, 15(5), 566-581.
Hughes, K. D. (2003). Pushed or pulled? Women’s entry into self-employment and small business ownership. Gender, Work, and Organization, 10(4), 433-454.
Jackson, S. E., & Alvarez, E. B. (1992). Diversity in the Workplace: Human Resources Initiatives. New York, NY : The Guilford Press.
Kanter, R. (1977). Men and Women of the Corporation. New York, NY: Basic Books.
Lauterbach, K., & Weiner, B. (1996). Dynamics of upward influence: How male and female managers get their way. Leadership Quarterly, 7(1), 87-107.
Oaxaca, R. (1973). Male-female wage differentials in urban labor markets. International Economic Review, 14(3), 693–709.
Olsen, W., & Walby, S. (2004). Modelling gender pay gaps. Working Paper series no. 17, Winter, Manchester: Equal Opportunities Commission.
Omar, A., & Davidson, M. J. (2001). Women in management: A comparative cross-cultural overview. Cross Cultural Management: An International Journal, 8(3/4), 35-67.
Mattis, M. C. (1993). Women directors: Progress and opportunities for the future. Business and the Contemporary World, 5(3), 140-56.
Morrison, A., White, R., & Van Velsor, E. (1987). Breaking the Glass Ceiling: Can Women Reach the Top of America's Largest Corporations?. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley.
Sinclair, A. (1998). Doing Leadership Differently. Victoria: Melbourne University Press.
Schein, V. (1976). Think manager - think male. Atlanta Economic Review, 26(2), 21-24.
Staines, G., Tavris, C., & Jayaratne, T. (1973). The queen bee syndrome. Psychology Today, 7, 55-60.
Still, L. V., & Wallker, E. (2006). The self-employed women owner and her business. Women in Management Review, 7(8), 339-346.
Wajcman, J. (1996). Desperately seeking differences: Is management style gendered. British Journal of Industrial Relations, 34(3), 333-349.
Walker, E. (2003). Home-based business: Setting straight the urban myths. Small Business Research, 32(3), 229-238.
Waters, M. (1999). Class and Stratification. Melbourne: Longman Cheshire.
Wellington, S., Brumit Kropf, M., & Gerkovich, P. (2003). What’s holding women back. Harvard Business Review, 6(81), 18-19.