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open access
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ISSN : 2093-3843
The importance of empathy to sexual offenders lies in the notion that sexual aggression is inversely related to empathic response. It has been thought that poor parenting practices such as persistently abusive acts would influence the normal development of empathy. While the association between abuse experiences from primary caregivers and lower level of empathy is apparently present, it is still inconclusive whether empathy deficits could account for violent offending such as sexual offending as a mere effect up above the abuse experiences. Therefore, the present study examined if empathy deficits predicted violent offenses (sexual and nonsexual) when abuse experiences from primary caregivers were controlled for. In general, empathy deficits significantly predicted violent offenses(sexual and nonsexual offenses) of sexual offenders after controlling for physical and sexual abuse that they experienced from primary caregivers. When looking into the independent role of empathy and abuse experiences, empathy and physical abuse significantly predicted violent-nonsexual offenses, while empathy and sexual abuse significantly predicted violent-sexual offenses. The implication about these findings were discussed in conjunction with empathy training program in clinical settings for sexual offenders.
The objectives of this study are to analyze variety of family and social environmental factors of youths under protective supervision and compare main causes for cases that ended up with protective supervision, added factors for protective supervision, factors associated to protective supervisor, intervention to protective supervision and factors for criminal records and thereby find out most suitable plans to prevent second offense. After reenactment of juvenile law in 2008, the subjects for protective supervision are in increase due to merging of youths, diverse added legal disposition and declining of age for application of juvenile law, and due to such factors, second offense is also in increase. For boys, second offense was at 9% in 2008 but it increased to 11.3% in 2009 and 10.6% in 2010. Also, because second offense among youths under protective supervision is higher than the adults by factor of 2.5, the need for study to systematically analyze characteristics of second offenders and establish plans to prevent such second offenses. Tradition studies in second offenses either did not establish groups for comparison nor had credibility or suitability issues when extracting samples while collecting information on non-second offenders. So their usage as supporting information was low in terms of establishing plans to prevent second offence etc. Through comparatively analyzing against non-second offenders in terms of environmental characteristics of youths under protective supervision, level of intervention in protective supervision etc, this study was prepared to define factors behind second offenses, start protective supervision programs that reflects characteristics of second offenders and establish effective measures to prevent second offenses.
People hardly ever Homicide, so people think to that people is strange. But most of Homicide is in a minority related mental factor and is involved in the other many factor(Howitt, 2002). Statistically, nevertheless the number of deaths of Homicide more than that of traffic people afraid of Homicide and thought one of the most dangerous crime(Lee, 2002). Because damage bring Homicide as well as threat of life is hard to take recover fully and the damage of family of the deceased will be huge(Lee, 2010). Many scholar argue that these Homicide crime brings to poor socio-economic, family disorganization and failure community, one of them argue that brings to community admire or do justice to a culture of violence(Sampson, Raudenbush, & Earls, 1997; Sampson & Wilson, 1995). A many variables of social, culture, and personal coexist together when the Homicide take place, the officer(detective) of must be know that. But when the Homicide case investigation many detective start to investigation such as understand of cases or select the suspect by first idea or intuition. If intuition of appearance on the crime scene match up with the essentials of the case the case will be short, on the contrary to this the officer cannot help having unsolved cases. Therefore if it possible offer to the officer with more objective and empirical study, the error of uncertainty of investigation of Homicide cases will be can reduce. This is pre-study for crime scene behavior analysis appeared homicide crime scene, the causal, the feature and the investigation of Homicide, besides review theoretical foundation of crime scene analysis of homicides. Especially, this study review behavioral variables of homicide crime scenes force to possible scientific and objective investigation. When Criminal decides the offence, they must be have the answer what is the need of finish the crime and how exits the crime scene and attempts the avoid detection(Beauregard, & Bouchard, 2010). Thus criminal should to that in the strategy with how exits the crime scene and attempts the avoid detection(Cornish, & Clarke, 2002). In the crime scene reflect the feature of the criminal with thought highly of crime. This study review previous studies for that crime scene behavior of Korean homicides verify whether of difference or not. Hereafter, the study need to analysis with real homicide crime cases, besides it's necessary to study of relation between alcohol and feature of homicide crime, get wired DB on psychological, social and cultural feature of homicide offender.
As the seriousness of the crime of indecent exposure has been grossly underestimated, there has been little research on the statistics and characteristics of offenders. However, considering that offenders may go on to commit more serious type of sexual crime, and that the post-traumatic stress of the crime may have a huge influence on the victim, there is an urgent need for more research. Therefore, the present study focused on the characteristics of offenders and victims and analyzed various offending behavior displayed at the crime scene, based on a total of 249 cases of indecent exposure that occurred between 2007 and 2009. As a result, a typical case of indecent exposure turns out to occur on the street in the evening during summertime. Almost all offenders were male, and they typically committed the offense alone. One third of the victims were less than 30 years old, and most of them were strangers to the offender. Based on the results, we suggested effective techniques of responding to the crime and methods of prevention. Finally, suggestions for future research were made.
The present study investigated if attitudes towards rape victim and perpetrator would be affected by people's sexual beliefs and stereotypes. A total of 209 college students read descriptions of six different sexual assault incidents and evaluated the degree to which the victim is responsible for the rape incident, the victim is suffering from the offense, and the perpetrator should be punished for the offense. In order to test if people's attitudes towards rape victim and perpetrator are related to their sexual beliefs and stereotypes, all subjects then responded to the scales of Attitude Toward Women, Acceptance of Interpersonal Violence, and Adversarial Sexual Beliefs. As a result, the present study revealed that people with negative attitudes towards women and high acceptance of interpersonal violence and adversarial sexual beliefs were more likely to believe that the victim is responsible for the rape incident, the victim is not likely to suffer from the offense, and the offender deserves less severe punishment.
Sexual abuses against children are steadily increasing, and in response to this trend, the public opinion for intensifying the punishment of child molesters is being formed rapidly. Punishments on child molesters include the publication of personal information, the use of electronic bracelet, and chemical castration, and ‘the Bill on the Surgical Treatment of Child Molesters’ has been proposed. However, various legal measures that have been executed so far have failed to produce a significant effect as intended. Thus, this study determined whether the enactment of a law for intensifying punishments would be effective for solving the problem of sexual abuses against children. In this study, we examined the psychological characteristics of child molesters and the current situation of treatment for offenders, and proposed intensified therapeutic programs as a part of correction and edification programs.