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ISSN : 0376-4672

논문 상세

다음
논문 투고

48권 8호

구강암의 연구동향 및 임상적 의의

Current Advancement of Oral Cancer Research and its Clinical Implications

권대근 (경북대학교)
김진수 (경북치대)
대한치과의사협회지 / The Journal of the Korean Dental Association, (P)0376-4672; (E)2713-7961
2010, v.48 no.8, pp.576-586
https://doi.org/10.22974/jkda.2010.48.8.001
권대근, & 김진수. (2010). 구강암의 연구동향 및 임상적 의의. 대한치과의사협회지, 48(8), 576-586, https://doi.org/10.22974/jkda.2010.48.8.001

Abstract

구강암은 입술, 혀, 타액선, 치은, 구강저, 구인두,협점막, 등에 나타는 암으로 정의되며 인체에서 발병하는 암중 3~5%를 차지하고 전세계적으로 1년에 약30만명 정도가 구강암으로 진단받는 것으로 보고되고있다1). 구강암에 있어서 발암과정은 유전적인 변이(gene alteration)의 축적의 결과이며, 이러한 발암과정은 여러 가지 단계를 거치게 되는데 음주, 흡연,바이러스 등이 함께 복합될 경우 암화가 촉진된다2). 분자생물학의 등장으로 1970년대에 이르러 어떤특정한 유전요소가 발암 과정에 중요한 역할을 하는것으로 밝혀지게 되었다. 1971년 미국 닉슨대통령이암과의 전쟁(War against Cancer)을 선포하고 암을 퇴치할수 있는 재정적, 법적 지원을 아낌없이 쏟아부으면서 암연구에 획기적인 진전을 이루게 되었다. 이러한 심도깊은 연구로 인하여 바이러스가 발암과정에 미치는 영향, 특정 화학적 변이인자(chemical mutagen), 여러 가지 공해물질 또는 식용물질과 암발생의 관련성, 특정 유전적 변이와 세포 발암화의 관련성등이 규명되면서, 마치 박테리아 감염에 항생제가 즉각적으로 효과가 있는 것처럼 특정 암세포에 선택적이고 효과적으로 작용하는 어떤 물질이 개발되어개인의 유전적 다형성(genetic polymorphism)에맞추어 처방하는“맞춤의학의 시대”가 도래할것이라는 기대에 부풀어 있었다. 하지만 여전히 암은 정복되지 않고 있으며 이러한 암과의 전쟁은 Medical Vietnam으로 끝나고 있다는 비관적인 견해도 많았다. 그럼에도 불구하고 2003년에 인간유전체 염기서열정보가 완전히 해독되었고, 최근에는 단백질 정보도 포괄적으로 파악되는 시점에 이르고 있기 때문에, 암 연구가 단순히 치료적 접근, 즉 수술-방사선치료-화학요법에 머물지 않고 여러 분야에서 많은 진보를 이루고 있다. 이는 기초적인 연구결과가 임상에 반영되면서 나타난 결과로써 암연구가 치료의 새로운 패러다임을 제시하고 있다는 것을 잘 보여주고 있다. 본 논문에서는 최근 구강암 연구의 중심이 되고 있는 1) 구강암과 관련된 분자생물학적 변이, 2) 바이러스 감염과 구강암에 대하여 알아보고 이들이 구강암의발암과정/치료예후에 어떻게 관여하는지 살펴보고 국내 구강악안면외과학교실의 최근 연구동향에 대하여간략히 소개하고자 한다.

keywords
oral cancer, research, molecular biology, clinical implication

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