지식조작이 사람 도식 형성에 미치는 영향
The Effects of Knowledge Manipulation on Schemas Formation
초록
본 연구는 서울시에 위치한 초등학교 1학년 아동 96명을 대상으로 평가 대상에 대한 도식(긍정, 부정)의 지속성 여부를 지식조작으로 알아보고자 하였다. 3회기 간 반복적인 긍정적 지식조작을 한 집단, 반복적으로 3회기의 부정적 지식조작을 한 각각의 집단을 대상으로 긍정적 지식조작을 한 집단에게는 4회기, 5회기에 부정적 정보를 제공하고 부정적 지식조작을 한 집단에게는 똑같은 회기에 긍정적 정보를 제공하여 새로이 제시된 정보가 평가 대상의 도식 생성에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 하였다. 실험설계는 지식조작 1(2)*지식조작 2(2)*회기(5)였으며 지식조작 1, 2는 피험자 간 변인이었으며 회기는 피험자 내 변인으로 반복측정 ANOVA 분석을 실시하였다. 이미지에 대한 반응분석은 주인공에 대한 호감, 비호감을 묻는 10개 항목으로 된 질문지와 회상한 내용을 자유로이 기술할 수 있는 개방형 질문지를 사용하였다. 본 연구 결과에 의하면 두 집단의 아동들은 주인공에 대한 도식 생성이 지식조작 1의 영향을 받기보다는 새로이 제시되는 지식조작 2의 정보 방향에 더 영향을 받는 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 특정 집단(부정-긍정)에 있어서는 사전지식의 영향이 새로이 제시되는 지식 조작에 부분적으로 영향을 미쳐 집단에 따라 사람에 대한 호(好), 불호(不好)에 대한 평가가 먼저 제시되는 정보에 의해 통계적으로 유의미하지는 않았지만 영향을 받는 것으로 나타났다.
- keywords
- prior knowledge, knowledge manipulation, attitude, schemas, 사전지식, 지식조작, 태도, 도식
Abstract
This study was designed to examine the influences of changes in children's knowledge on prior knowledge. First graders recalled a series, if stories was examine as a function of personal knowledge about the main story character. Children's knowledge about the protagonist was manipulated prior to presentation of the stories, and the impressions on story were examined. A change in some of the children's impressions was then promoted, and the impact of this second knowledge manipulation on recall of previously heard stories was evaluated. This experiment was designed by two between factors(knowledge manipulation 1, 2) and one within factors(sessions). The results were analyzed using a repeated measure ANOVA. The results indicated that children's story recall was affected by second knowledge. Children revised their story reports in ways that were consistent with their newly acquired impressions.
- keywords
- prior knowledge, knowledge manipulation, attitude, schemas, 사전지식, 지식조작, 태도, 도식
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