- P-ISSN 1225-0163
- E-ISSN 2288-8985
Oseltamivir carboxylate (OC) and Oseltamivir ethylester (OE) were analyzed to evaluate the environmental distribution in pandemic season in Korea. The detected concentration of OE was the range of 0.008~0.087 μg/L, and OC was the range of 0.029~0.287 μg/L. The detected concentration of OC in this study was two times higher than reported concentration of OC in river water in Japan. But, these analytical results cannot be directly compared to the previous reported concentration, because of the different sampling period.
1. 국립환경과학원, “환경 중 의약물질 분석방법 연구 및 노출실태조사(I)”, 2006.
2. 국립환경과학원, “환경 중 의약물질 분석방법 연구 및 노출실태조사(II)”, 2007.
3. 국립환경과학원, “잔류의약물질 분석방법 연구 및 실태조사(I)”, 2008.
4. 국립환경과학원, “잔류의약물질 분석방법 연구 및 실태조사(II)”, 2009.
5. S. D. Kim, J. Cho, I. S. Kim, B. J. Vanderford and S. A. Snyder, Water Res., 41, 1013-1021(2007).
6. K. Choi, Y. Kim, J. Park, C. K Park, M. Y. Kim, H. S. Kim and P. Kim, Sci. Total Environ., 405, 120-128(2008).
7. Y. Kim, J. Jung, M. Kim, J. Park, A. B. A. Boxall and K. Choi, Environ. Toxicol. Phar., 26, 167-176(2008).
8. D. Fatta, A. Nikolaou, A. Achilleos and S. Meriç, Trends iAnn alytical Chemistry, 26(6), 515-533(2007).
9. K. Kümmerer, J. Environ. Manage., 90, 2354-2366(2009).
10. N. Kemper, Ecological Indicators, 8, 1-13(2008).
11. E.U., http://www.poseidon.geo.uni-mainz.de/publications.htm
12. US EPA, Method 1694: “Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products in Water, Soil, Sediment and Biosolids by HPLC/MS/MS”, 2007.
13. U.S. EPA, http://www.epa.gov/ppcp/
14. M. Gros, M. Petrovi , A. Ginebreda and Damià Barceló, Environ. Int., 36, 15-26(2010).
15. N. Nakada, H. Shinohara, A. Murata, K. Kiri, S. Managaki, N. Sato and H. Takada, Water Res., 41, 4373- 4382(2007).
16. J. Fick, R. H. Lindberg, M. Tysklind, P. D. Haemig, J. Waldenström, A. Wallensten, and Björn Olsen, PLoS One, 2(10), e968(2007).
17. N. Vieno, T. Tuhkanen and L. Kronberg, Water Res., 41, 1001-1021(2007).
18. C. G. Daughton, “In Pharmaceuticals in the Environment”, 2nd Ed., 463-495, K. Küummerer, Ed., Springer, U.S.A., 2004.
19. EMEA, “Note for Guidance on Environmental Risk Assessment of Medicinal Products for Human Use.” CPMO/SWP/4447/00 draft corr. Available from <http://www.ema.europa.eu/pdfs/human/swp/444700en.pdf>, 2003.
20. U. S. FDA, Guidance for Industry: Environmental Assessment of Human Drug and Biologics Applications, 1998.
21. J. O. Straub, Ecotox. Environ. Safe., 72, 1625-1634(2009).
22. M. Carballa, F. Omil and J. Lema, Water Res., 39, 4790-4796(2005).
23. P. K. Jjemba, Ecotox. Environ. Safe., 63, 113-130(2006).
24. C. Prasse, M. Schlüsener, R. Schulz and T.A. Ternes, Environ Sci Technol., doi: 10.1021/es903216p [Accepted 11 January 2010]
25. B. I. Escher, N. Bramaz, J. Lienert, J. Neuwoehner and J. O. Straub, Aquatic Toxicology, 96, 194-202(2010).
26. H. Söderström, J. D. Järhult, B. Olsen, R. H. Lindberg, H. Tanaka and J. Fick, PLoS One, 4(6), e6064(2009).
27. G. C. Ghosh, N. Nakada, N. Yamashita and H. Tanaka, Environmental Health Perspectives, 118(1), 103- 107(2010).
28. U.S FDA, “Endocrine Disruptors and Pharmaceuticla Active Compounds in Drinking Water Workshop”, 2000.
29. A. C. Singer, M. A. Nunn, E. A. Gould and A. C. Johnson, Environmental Health Perspectives, 115(1), 102- 106(2007).
30. O. A. H. Jones, N. Voulvoulis and J. N. Lester, Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 81(10), 768-769(2003).