- Log In/Sign Up
- E-ISSN2288-2766
- KCI
E-ISSN : 2288-2766
The Difference in the Determinants of Licensing-in and Licensing-out: Evidence from Korean Firms
Abstract
Purpose – This paper aims to analyze the determinants of licensing behaviors of manufacturing firms empirically in non-advanced exporting countries. Research design and methodology – We try to approach licensing behavior from the perspective of innovation strategy and open innovation, and deal with two activities composing licensing, i.e. licensing-in and licensing-out using the result of Korean Innovation Survey Results – Firstly, Organizational characteristic factors, particularly the size and size related factors influence the firm behavior of licensing-out, but not in case of licensing-in. Secondly, innovation strategy influences the firm behavior of licensing-in, but not in case of licensing-out. Lastly, the determinants of licensing-in and that of licensing-out are different. Conclusions – In general, firms doing licensing–out have many complementary assets and orientation for global markets. Meanwhile, firms doing licensing-in are innovative firms utilizing patent as an appropriation mechanism. Licensing–out have relevance with product market-related factors and licensing-in have more relevance with technology market-related factors
- keywords
- Licensing-in, Licensing-out, Innovative strategy, Organizational factor, Open innovation, Technology market
Reference
Anand, B.N., & Khanna T. (2000). The structure of licensing contracts. The Journal of industrial economics, 48(1), 103-135.
Arora, A. (1995). Licensing tacit knowledge: intellectual property rights and the market for know-how. Economics of Innovation and New Technology, 4(1), 41-59.
Arora, A., & Ceccagnoli, M. (2006). Patent protection, complementary assets, and firms’ incentives for technology licensing. Management Science, 52(2), 293-308.
Arora, A., Fosfuri, A., & Gambardella, A. (2001a). Markets for Technology: The Economics of Innovation and Corporate Strategy. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press,
Arora, A., Fosfuri, A., & Gambardella, A. (2001b). Markets for technology and their implications for corporate strategy. Industrial and Corporate Change, 10(2), 419-451.
Arora, A., & Fosfuri, A. (2003). Licensing the market for technology. Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, 52(2), 277-295.
Cassiman, B., & Veugelers, R. (2006). In search of complementarity in innovation strategy: internal R&D and external knowledge acquisition. Management Science, 52(1), 68-82.
Chesbrough H. (2006). Emerging secondary markets for IP: US and Japan comparisons. Research report to national center for industrial property information and training (NCIPI).
Chesbrough, H. (2003a). Open innovation, Boston: Harvard Business School Press.
Chesbrough, H. (2003b). The logic of open innovation: managing intellectual property. California Management Review, 45(3), 33-58.
Chesbrough, H. (2006). Open business model. Boston: Harvard Business School Press.
Fosfuri, A. (2006). The licensing dilemma: understanding the determinants of the rate of technology licensing. Strategic Management Journal, 27(12), 1141-1158.
Gambardella, A., Giuri, P., & Luzzi, A. (2007). The market for patents in Europe. Research Policy, 36(1), 1163-1183.
Gans, J. S., & Stern, S. (2003). The product market and the market for ideas: commercialization strategies for technology entrepreneurs. Research Policy, 32(2), 333-350.
Giuri, P., et al. (2007). Inventors and invention processes in Europe: results from the PatVal-EU survey. Research policy, 36(3), 1107-1127.
Grindley, P.C., & Teece, D.J. (1997). Managing intellectual capital: licensing and cross-licensing in semiconductors and electronics. California Management Review, 39(2), 8-41.
Kamiyama, S., Martinez, C., & Sheehan, J. (2006). Valuation and exploitation of intellectual property. OECD STI Working Paper, 1-25.
Kim, Y. J., & Vonortas, N. (2006). Determinants of technology licensing. Managerial and Decision Economics, 27(4), 235-49.
Kim, Y. (2004). Market structure and technology licensing: evidence from US manufacturing. Applied Economics Letters, 11(10), 631-637.
Kollmer, H., & Dowling, M. (2004). Licensing as a commercialisation strategy for new technology-based firms. Research Policy, 33(2), 1141-1151.
Lee, Keun, K, J. Y., Oh, J. B., & Park, K. H. (2013). Economics of intellectual property in the context of a shifting innovation paradigm: a review from the perspective of developing countries. Global Economic Review, 42(1), 29-42.
Lichtenthaler, E. (2004). Organising the external technology exploitation process: current practices and future challenges. International Journal of Technology Management, 27(2/3), 255-271.
Lichtenthaler, U. (2008). Leveraging technology assets in the presence of markets for knowledge. European Management Journal, 26(2), 122-134
Lichtenthaler, U. (2010). Determinants of proactive and reactive technology licensing: a contingency perspective. Research Policy, 39(2), 55-66.
Lichtenthaler, U., Lichtenthaler, E., & Frishammar, J. (2009). Technology commercialization intelligence: Organizational antecedents and performance consequences. Technology Forecasting & Social Change, 76(3), 301-315.
Motohashi, K. (2008). Licensing or not licensing?: An Empirical analysis on strategic use of patent in Japanese firms. Research Policy, 37(2), 1548-1555.
Nagaoka S., & Kwon, H. U. (2006). The incidence of cross-licensing: a theory and new evidence on the firm and contract level determinants. Research Policy, 35(5), 1347-1361.
Park, K. H. (2012). The effectiveness of patent and the determinants of patenting activities in Korea. The economics of Intellectual Property in the republic of Korea, 1031(2), 15-39.
Pitkethly, R. H. (2001). Intellectual property strategy in Japanese and UK companies: patent licensing decisions and learning opportunities. Research Policy, 30(3), 425-442.
Sheehan, J., Martinez, C., & Guellec, D. (2004). Understanding business patenting and licensing: results of a survey. Proceedings of an OECD Conference. Paris, France: OECD.
STEPI (2008). Report on the Korean Innovation Survey 2008: Manufacturing Sector. Seoul, Korea.
Teece, D. J. (1986). Profiting from technological innovation: implications for integration, collaboration, licensing and public policy. Research Policy, 15(1), 285-305.
Vonortas, N.S., & Kim, Y.J. (2004). Technology licensing in: patents, innovation and economic performance. Proceedings of an OECD Conference. Paris, France: OECD.
Zuniga, M. P., & Guellec, D. (2009). Who licenses out patents and why?: lessons from a business survey. OECD STI working paper, 2009(5), 20-45.
- Downloaded
- Viewed
- 0KCI Citations
- 0WOS Citations
