ISSN : 1229-0718
This study explored the developmental pattern of gender schema and its differentiation from middle childhood through middle adolescence in terms of multifactorial theory. The 4th(n=215), 6th(n=215), 7th(n=194), 9th(n=173) grade students were given 2 gender related measures, one for sex-typing of others and the other for sex-typing of self. The result showed that the egalitarian attitude increased across grades and both boys and girls gave more egalitarian responses on cross-sexual items. Boys endorsed more feminine items as self descriptive across grades but less masculine items between the 6th and 7th grade. Girls endorsed less feminine items between the 4th and 6th grade, endorsed more between the 6th and 7th grade and there was no significant change since then. Students were less likely to differentiate between masculine and feminine traits compared to occupations and activities in both measures. The correlation analysis showed a pattern that the egalitarian attitudes across domains were positively related with self endorsement of cross-sexual items. Among boys, gender attitude about others and self endorsement were separate components of gender schema. Among girls, self endorsement was further differentiated into masculinity and femininity. The result confirms the multifactorial theory of gender schema.
(2002) 초등학생의 성역할 고정관념 성역할 정체감 및 자아존중감의 관계,
(2001) 초등학교 아동의 성역할 고정관념에 관한 연구,
(1994) 초등학교 아동의 성역할 고정관념에 관한 연구,
(2000) 초등학교 아동의 성 역할 특성의 발달,
(1990) 국민학교 아동의 성역할 정체감과 일에 대한 인식,
(1989) 성역할 고정관념의 발달적 특성 및 자아개념 형성과의 관계,
(2004) 중고 대학생의 성역할 정체가 발달과 변화,
(1990) A handbook of tests and measures,
(1974) The measurement of psychological androgyny Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology,
(1981) A cognitive account of sex typing,
(1982) Sex roles as social conventions The development of children's conceptions of sex-role stereotypes,
(1978) Acquisition of sex-typed preferences in preschool-aged children,
(1987) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,
(1983) Toward a process model of the attitude-behavior relation Assessing one's attitude upon mere observation of the attitude object Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,
(19901905-1914) femininity and sex role attitudes in early adolescence,
(1980) Masculinity and femininity in children Development of the Children's Personal Attributes Questionnaire,
(1983) The intensification of gender-related role expectations during early adolescence Girls at puberty, Plenum
(1991195-207) Is there coherence among the cognitive components of gender acquisition? Sex Roles,
(1983) Handbook of child psychology,
(1994) Developmental aspects of gender role flexibility and traditionality in middle childhood and adolescence,
(1974) Stages in the development of psychosexual concepts and attitudes Sex differences in behavior,
(2002) The Developmental Course of Gender Differentiation Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development, Blackwell Publishing
(2001) Children's judgements of job status and job aspirations in relation to sex of worker Journal of Experimental Child Psychology,
(1999) A developmental perspective on gender effects and gender concepts SEXISM AND STEREOTYPES IN MODERN SOCIETY,
(1983) The development of occupational sex role stereotypes the effect of gender stability and age,
(1998) Handbook of child psychology,
(1993) The development of sex typing in middle childhood Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development University of Chicago Press,
(1999) Multidimensionality of gender schemas Implications for the development of gender-related characteristics SEXISM AND STEREOTYPES IN MODERN SOCIETY,
(1993) Developmental differences in children's gender schemata,
(1993) Evidence for a multifactorial Theory Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,
(2000) Psychology of Women Quarterly, Instrumental and expressive traits
(1996) A test of three models of gender constructs,
(1972) The Attitudes Toward Women Scale An objective instrument to measure attitudes toward the rights and roles of women in contemporary society JSAS Catalog of Selected Documents in Psychology,
(1974) A measure of sex role stereotypes and masculinity-femininity JSAS Catalog of selected Documents in Psychology,
(1985) Children's concepts of cross-gender activities,
(1975) Awareness and expression of sex stereotypes in young children,