open access
메뉴
open access
메뉴
ISSN : 1229-0718
This study examined personal characteristics that would differentiate resilient adolescents from fragile and vulnerable ones. A total of 104 adolescents from youth-headed families attending junior-high schools in Seoul and Kyounggi province participated in this study. Based on the scores of social competence and subjecvtive well-being of adolescents, adolescents are divided three group: resilient, fragile, and vulnerable. Descriptive statistics, t-test, and discriminant analysis were conducted using the SPSS 12.0. The personal characteristics discriminating resilient adolescents from vulnerable ones were extroversion in personality, high intelligence, motivation, openness and agreeableness in personality. Especially extroversion in personality, intelligence and motivation were found more significant in explaining about resilient adolescents from youth-headed families. In conclusion, these findings support the previous ideas that resilient adolescents have distinctive personal characteristics in multiful domain of social adaptation.
박경숙, 현주, 박호정, 이재분 (1993). KEDI 집단 지능검사. 한국교육개발원.
박현선 (1998). 빈곤청소년의 위험 및 보호요소가 학교 적응유연성에 미치는 영향. 사회복지 연구, 11, 24-51.
변화순, 송다영, 김영란 (2001). 가족유형에 따른 생활실태와 복지 욕구에 관한 연구. 한국여성 개발원 연구보고서.
보건복지가족부 (2007). 보건복지통계연보.
보건복지가족부 (2008). 아동청소년백서.
양국선, 장성숙 (2001). 학교적응유연성과 관련된 보호요인 특성 연구: 야간 실업고등학교 근로 청소년 대상. 한국심리학회지: 상담 및 심리치료, 13(3), 127-148.
오승환 (2000a). 소년소녀가장의 사회ㆍ심리적 적응 결정 요인. 사회복지연구, 16, 117-141.
오승환 (2000b). 소년소녀가장의 심리사회적 특성에 관한 비교 연구-일반아동과의 비교를 중심으로. 한국아동복지학, 9, 99-126.
유성경, 심혜원 (2002). 적응 유연한 청소년들의 심리적 보호요소 탐색. 교육심리연구, 16(4), 189-206.
이경님 (2006). 개인변인과 부모변인이 아동의 성취동기에 미치는 영향. 한국가정관리학회지, 24(5), 161-174.
이선아 (2003). 소년소녀가장 청소년의 적응유연성에 관한 연구. 전북대학교 대학원 석사학위 청구논문.
이용준, 박경자 (2005). 탄력적인 아동의 보호요인 연구. 아동학회지, 26(1), 329-345.
이운경, 도현심 (2005). 청소년의 성취동기와 관련된 변인들: 가정의 경제적 지위, 어머니의 기대 및 정서적 지지와 청소년의 자아존중감. 아동학회지, 26(3), 43-59.
장휘숙 (2001). 정신 병리를 차단하는 요인으로서의 탄력성. 한국심리학회지: 발달, 14(1), 113-127.
정현희 (2002). 한국판 교사용-아동평정척도 (T-CRS)의 신뢰도와 타당도. 한국심리학회지: 발달, 15(2), 73-88.
주소영, 이양희 (2008). 아동학대와 탄력성의 관계에서 인지 기능과 사회적 지지의 매개효과. 아동학회지, 29(3), 127-156.
최윤정, 권현진, 이시연 (2004). 빈곤 청소년의 적응요인에 관한 연구. 청소년학 연구, 11(3),531-550.
한국적성연구소 (2004). Big Five 성격특성검사 (인성검사).
한태영 (2005). 청소년의 학교장면 스트레스: 성격 및 정서지능의 조절효과. 한국심리학회지: 학교, 2(2), 177-197.
Block, J., & Kremen, A. M. (1996). IQ and ego-resiliency: Conceptual and empirical connections and separateness. Journal of Personality and Social psychology, 70(2), 349-361.
Compas, B. E., Hinden, B. R., & Gerhardt, C. A. (1995). Adolescent development: Pathways and processes of risk and resilience. Annual Review of Psychology, 46, 265-293.
Dass-Brailsford, P. (2005). Exploring resiliency: Academic achievement among disadvantaged black youth in South Africa. South African Journal of Psychology, 35(3), 574-591.
Davey, M., Eaker, D. G., & Walters, L. H. (2003). Resilience processes in adolescents: Personality profiles, self-worth, and coping. Journal of Adolescent Research, 18(4), 347-362.
Dirago, A. C., & Vaillant, G. E. (2007). Resilience in inner city youth: Childhood predictors of occupational status across the lifespan. Journal of Youth Adolescence, 36, 61-70.
Egeland, B., Carlson, E., & Sroufe, L. A. (1993). Resilience as process. Development and psychology, 5, 517-528.
Elder, Jr., G. H. (1998). The life course as developmental theory. Child Development, 69(1), 1-12.
Ewart, C. K., Jorgensen, R. S., Suchday, S., Chen, E., & Mattews, K. A. (2002). Measuring stress resilience and coping in vulnerable youth: The social competence interview. Psychological Assessment, 14(3), 339-352.
Fergus, S., & Zimmerman, M. (2005). Adolescent resilience: A framework for understanding healthy development in the face of risk. Annual Review Public Health, 26, 399-419.
Friborg, O., Barlaug, D., Martinussen, M., Rosenvinge, J. H., & Hjemdal, O. (2005). Resilience in relation to personality and intelligence. International Jouranl of Methods in Psychiatric Research, 14(1), 29-42.
Garmezy, N., Masten, A. S., & Tellegen, A. (1984). The study of stress and competence in children: A building block for developmental psychopathology. Child Development, 55(1), 97-111.
Gordon-Rouse, K. A. (2001). Resilient students' goals and motivation. Journal of Adolescence, 24, 461-472.
Gramzow, R., Sedikides, C., Panter, A. T., Sathy, V., Harris, J., & Insko, C. (2004). Patterns of self-regulation and the big five. European Journal of Personality, 18, 367-385.
Hart, D., Keller, M., Edelstein, W., & Hofmann, V. (1998). Childhood personality influences on social-cognitive development: A longitudinal study. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 74(5), 1278-1289.
Hauser, S. T. (1999). Understanding resilient outcomes: adolescent lives across time and generations. Journal of Research on Adolescence, 9(1), 1-24.
Herman, H. J. (1970). A Questionaire measure of achievement motivation. Journal of applied psychology, 54(4), 353-363.
Keyes, C. L. M. (2006). Mental health in adolescence: Is America's Youth Flourishing? American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 76(3), 395-402.
Lazarus, R. S., & Folkman, S. (1984) Stress, Appraisal and coping. New York: Springer-Verlag.
Lengua, L. (2002). The contribution of emotionality and self-regulation to the understanding of children's response to multiple risk. Child Development, 73(1), 144-161.
Luthar, S. S. (1991). Vulnerability and resilience: A study of high-risk adolescents. Child Development, 62, 600-616.
Luthar, S. S., Cicchetti, D., & Becker, B. (2000). The construct of resilience: A critical evaluation and guideline for future work. Child Development, 71(3), 543-562.
Masten, A. S. (2001). Ordinary magic: Resilience process in development. The American Psychologist, 56(3), 227-238.
Masten, A. S., & Coatsworth, J. D. (1998). The development of competence in favorable and unfavorable environments: Lessons from research on successful children. American Psychologist, 53(2), 205-220.
Masten, A. S., Coatsworth, J. D., Neeman, J., Gest, S. D., Tellegen, A., & Garmezy, N. (1995). The structure and coherence of competence from childhood through adolescence. Child Development, 66, 1635-1659.
Masten, A. S., Hubbard, J. J., Gest, S. D., Tellegen, A., Garmezy, N., & Ramirez, M. (1999). Competence in the context of adversity: Pathways to resilience and maladaptation from childhood to late adolescence. Development and Psychopathology, 11, 143-169.
Miller, P. H. (2002). Theories of developmental psychology(4th ed.). NY: Worth Publishers.
Olsson, C. A., Bond, L., Burns, J., Vella-Brodrick, D. A., & Sawyer, S., M. (2003). Adolescent resilience: a concept analysis. Journal of Adolescence, 26, 1-11.
Owens, E. B., & Shaw, D. S. (2003). Poverty and early childhood adjustment. In S. S. Luthar(Ed.), Resilience and vulnerability: Adaptation in the contest of childhood adversities (pp.267-287). New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.
Radke-Yarrow, M., & Sherman, T. (1990). Hard growing: Children who survive. In J. Rolf, A. S. Maten, D. Cicchetti, K. H. Nuechterlein, & S. Weintraub(Eds.), Risk and protective factors in the development od psychopathology (pp. 97-119). New York: Cambridge University Press.
Robins, R. W., John, O. P., Caspi, A., Moffitt, T. E., & Stouthamer-Loeber, M. (1996). Resilient, Overcontrolled, and undercontrolled boys: Three replicable personality types. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 70(1), 157-171.
Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. (2000). Self-determination theory and the facilitation of intrinsic motivation, social development, and well-being. American Psychologist, 55(1), 68-78.
Scarr, S. (1992). Developmental theories for the 1990s: Development and individual differences. Child Development, 63, 1-19.
Scarr, S., & McCartney, K. (1983). How people make their own environment: A theory of genotype-environment effects. Child Development, 54, 424-435.
Shaffer, D. R. (2005). Social and personality development(5th ed.). Belmont, MA: Thomson Wadsworth.
Sternberg, R. J. (1998). Applying the triarchic theory of human intelligence in the classroom. In R. J. Sternberg, W. M. Williams(eds.), Intelligence, instruction, and assessment: Theory into practice (pp. 1-15). Mahwah: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Publishers.
Werner, E. E. (1993). Risk, resilience, and recovery: Perspectives from the Kauai longitudinal study. Development and Psychopathology, 5, 503-515.
Werner, E. E., & Smith, R. S. (1982). Vulnerable but invincible: A longitudinal study of resilient children and youth. New York: Adams, Bannister, Cox.
Werner, E. E., & Smith, R. S. (1992). Overcoming the odds: High risk children from birth to childhood. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.