ISSN : 1229-0718
The aim of the present study was to develop and validate the Therapeutic Alliance Scale for children. Therapeutic alliance scale for children consisted of four constructs, namely, Sympathetic Understanding and Acceptance, Emotional Affirmative Experience, Cooperation for Solution of Problem, Cooperation for Communication. The questionnaire for the Therapeutic Alliance Scale for children consisted of 16items. Cronbach-α of the Therapeutic Alliance Scale for children was .90 and each Cronbach-α of four constructs was .76～.85. The therapeutic alliance scale for counselor consisted of 4 contructs that was the same of Therapeutic Alliance Scale for children. Cronbach-α of the Therapeutic Alliance Scale for counselor was .89 and each Cronbach-α of four constructs was .73～.79. To validate the scale, I examined the correlation between the Therapeutic Alliance Scale and Therapeutic Relationship Scale, counseling product. Incremental validity with Therapeutic Relationship Scale was verified.
강하영 (2003). 놀이치료자가 지각한 치료적 동맹에 영향을 미치는 내담아동변인 연구. 숙명여자대학교 석사학위 논문.
김미정, 이춘재 (2006). 아동의 모-자 관계 표상, 문제행동과 상담초기 치료적 관계. 한국심리학회지: 상담 및 심리치료, 18(2), 285-302.
김영석 (1993). 공감과 직면의 반응순서가 상담 성과에 미치는 영향: 모의 상담관찰자의 지각을 통한 연구. 서울대학교 박사학위 논문.
김충희 (2004). 내담자의 탄력성이 상담 효과에 미치는 영향. 서울여자대학교 박사학위 논문.
박지현 (2004). 놀이치료자의 아동기 경험과 전문적 경험이 치료자의 치료적 동맹과의 관계. 숙명여자대학교 석사학위 논문.
방은령, 최명선 (2004). 아동과 치료자간의 치료적 관계 척도의 타당화 연구. 한국심리학회지: 발달, 17(2), 101-121.
유미숙, 임혜인 (2006). 놀이치료자의 자기효능감과 대인관계 성향이 치료관계에 미치는 영향. 한국심리학회지: 상담 및 심리치료, 18(2), 319-337.
조성호 (1997). 내담자 저항과 내담자 반발성, 상담자 개입 특성 및 작업동맹과의 관계. 서울대학교 박사학위 논문.
최명선 (2004). 놀이치료의 치료관계와 치료성과. 숙명여자대학교 박사학위 논문.
최명선, 김광웅 (2005). 아동과 치료자간 치료관계 연구. 한국심리학회지: 상담 및 심리치료, 17(2), 297-316.
한현주 (2004). 놀이치료자의 공감능력과 내담 아동이 지각한 치료자와의 정서적 유대 관계. 숙명여자대학교 석사학위 논문.
Agnew-Davies, R., & Stiles, W. B. (1998). Alliance structure assessed by the Agnew Relationship Measure. British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 37, 155-172.
Alexander, L. B., & Luborsky, L. (1986). The Penn helping alliance scales. In L. S. Greenberg & W. M. Pinsof(Eds.), The psychotherapeutic process: A research handbook, (pp.325-366) New York: Guilford.
Axline, V. (1947). Play Therapy. Boston: Houghton Mifflin.
Bordin, E. S. (1979). The generalizibility of the psychoanalytic concept of the working alliance. Psychotherapy: Theory, Research, and Practice, 16, 252-260.
Caplan, F. & Caplan, T. (1973). The power of play. Garden City, N.Y.: Anchor Press.
Goldfried, M. (1982). Resistance and clinical behavior therapy. In P. L. Wachtel(Ed.), Resistance: Psychodynamic and behavioral approaches. New York: Plenum Press.
Heckenberg, L. J. (2002). An exploration of the therapeutic alliance between children and school counselors. University of Iowa.
Horvath, A. O., & Luborsky, L. (1993). The role of the therapeutic alliance in psychotherapy. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 61, 561-573.
Horvath, A. O., & Symonds, B. D. (1991). Relation between working alliance and outcome in psychotherapy: A meta-analysis. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 38, 139-149.
Kronｍüller, K. T., Hartmann, M., Reck, C., Victor, D., Horn, H., & Winkelmann, K. (2003). Die therapeutische Beziehung in der Kinder und Jugendlichen-Psychotherapie: Evaluation einer deutschen Version der Therapeutic Alliance Scales for Children. Zeitschrift für Klinische Psychologie und Psychotherapie, 32, 14-23.
Landreth, G. (1982). Play Therapy: dynamics of the process of counseling with children, Charles C Thomas.
Larsen, D. L., Attkison, C. C., Hargreaves, W., & Nguyen, T. D. (1979). Assessment of client/patient satisfaction: Development of a general Scale. Evaluation and Program Planning, 2, 197-207.
Martin, D. J., Graske, J. P., & Davis, M. K. (2000). Relation of the therapeutic alliance with outcome and other variables: A meta-analytic review. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychotherapy, 68, 438-450.
Schaefer, C. E. (1993). Therapeutic powers of play. Northvale: Jason Aronson Inc.
Shirk, S. R., & Karver. M., (2003). Prediction of treatment outcome from relationship variables in child and adolescent therapy: A meta-analytic review. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 71(3), 452-464.
Shirk, S. R., & Saiz, C. C. (1992). Clinical, empirical, and developmental perspectives on the therapeutic relationship in child psychotherapy. Special Issue: Developmental approaches to prevention and intervention. Development and Psychopathology, 4, 713-728.
Smith-Acuna, S., Durlak, J. A., & Kaspar, C. J. (1991). Development of child psychotherapy process measures. Journal of Clinical Child Psychology, 20, 126-131.