ISSN : 1229-0718
The present study established the validity for the Maternal Fetal Attachment Scale (MFAS) for use with Korean mothers during pregnancy. The Maternal Fetal Attachment Scale (MFAS) (Cranley, 1981) was translated into Korean, and it used revised items that were rated on a 4-point Likert scale (unlike the original MFAS that used a 5-point Likert scale). Therefore, validity and reliability were not sufficiently established for the Korean translation. Sjorgen et al. (2004) selected 16 items useful for measuring early and late attachment during pregnancy from a total of 24 items in Cranley’s MFAS. The present study attempted to validate the MFAS based on Sjorgen et al.'s study using 16 items, previous research, and bi-lingual experts. The main results are as follows: the total Cronbach's α of MFAS 16 items was α = 0.87, with 0.75 ≤ α < 0.87. Additionally, the exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis of MFAS indicated a good model fit and model economy, implying that it has good construct validity. Furthermore, a significant negative correlation between total and sub-dimension MFAS scores and post-partum depression at 6 months were obtained, indicating good predictive validity. The implications, limitations, and future research were discussed.
고명숙 (1988). 임부가 지각한 배우자의 지지행위와 태아애착행위에 관한 연구. 전남대학교 대학원 석사학위논문.
김기영 (2000). 태교 관점 임부 교실이 모와 애착에 미치는 효과. 연세대학교 대학원 석사학위논문.
김명식, 신의진, 이경숙 (2011). 태아애착과 산후우울과의 관계. 한국심리학회 연차 학술발표 논문집.
김정택, 신동균 (1978). STAI의 표준화에 관한 연구. 최신의학, 21, 70-72.
김현옥 (1991). 임신부의 태아애착행위에 관한연구. 연세대학교 대학원 석사학위논문.
박주현 (2001). 초음파 영상을 통한 정보제공이 임부-태아 애착과 자가간호에 미치는 효과. 연세대학교 대학원 석사학위논문.
한귀원, 김명정, 박제민 (2004). 한국어판 에딘버러 산후우울척도: 신뢰도와 타당도. 생물치료정신의학, 10(2), 27-40.
홍세희 (2000). 구조방정식 모형의 적합도 지수 선정기준과 그 근거. 한국심리학 회지: 임상, 19(1), 161-177.
Alhusen, J. L. (2008). A Literature Update on Maternal-Fetal Attachment. Journal of Obstetric, Gynecologi & Neonatal Nursing, 37, 315-328.
Condon, J. T. (1993). The assessment of antenatal emotion attachment: development of a questionnaire instrument. Journal of British Medical Psychology, 66(2), 167-183.
Cranley, M. S. (1981). Development of a tool for the measurement of maternal attachment during pregnancy. Nursing Research, 30, 281- 284.
Fleming, A. S., Ruble, D. N., Gordon, L. F., & Shaul, D. M. (1988). Postpartum adjustment in first-time mothers: Relation between mood, maternal attitudes, and mother-infant interaction. Developmental Psychology, 14, 71-81.
Fuller, J. R. (1990). Early patterns of maternal attachment. Health Cate for Woman International, 11, 433-446.
Gloger-Tippelt, G. (1983). A Process model of the pregnancy course. Humman Development, 26, 134-148.
Leifer, M. (1980). Psychology effect of motherhood: A Study of first pregnancy. New York: Draeger Press.
Marcus, S. M. (2009). Depression during pregnancy: rates, risk and consequences- Motherisk Update 2008. Canadian Journal of Clinical Phamarcology, 16, 15-22.
Muller, M. E. (1996). Prenatal and postnatal attachment. A modest correlation. Journal of Obstetric, Gynecologic & neonatal nursing, 25, 161-166.
Perry, D. F., Ettinger, A. K., Mendelson, T., Le, H. N. (2011). Prenatal depression predicts postpartum depression maternal attachment in low-income Latin mothers with infants. Infant Behavior and Development, 34, 339-350.
Randloff, L. S. (1977). The CES-D scale: A self report depression scale for research in the general population. Applied Psychological Measurement, 1, 385-401.
Raphael-Leff, J. (1986). Facilitators and regulators: Conscious and unconscious processes in pregnancy and early motherhood. Journal of British Medical Psychology. 59, 43-55.
Sandbrook, S. P., Adamson-Macedo, E. N. (2004). Maternal-fetal attachment: searching for a new definition. Neuroendorcinology Letters 25 (Suppl. 1), 169-182.
Siddique, A., Haggliff. B., & Eisemann. M. (2000). Own Memories of upbringing as a determinant of prenatal attachment in expectant woman. Journal of Reproductive and Infant Psychology, 18, 64-74.
Sjorgen, B., Edman, G., Windstrom, A. M., Mathiesen, A. S., & Uvnas-Moberg, K. (2004). Maternal foetal attachment and personality during first pregnangy. Journal of Reproductive and Infant Psychology. 22(2), 57-69.
Spielberger, C. D. (1975). Anxiety: State-trait process. In Spielberger and Sarason(Eds.). Stress and Anxiety, 1(pp.115-143). Washington D.C.: Hemisphere Publishing Corporation.