바로가기메뉴

본문 바로가기 주메뉴 바로가기

logo

메뉴

The Relations among Perceived Opportunity, Coping Strategies, Regret-Related Emotions and Subjective Well-Being in Middle-Aged Women

Abstract

This study investigated the relationships among perceived opportunity, coping strategies, regret-related emotions, and subjective well-being in 158 middle-aged women living in Busan, South Korea. Middle-aged women regret most frequently the areas of marriage, education, and self-development. The more regret-related emotions they felt, the less subjective well-being they had. Rumination as a coping strategy for regret was related to higher regret-related emotion and lower subjective well-being, while the use of engagement of new goals as a coping strategy was related to higher subjective well-being. The lower the perceived opportunity of modification experiences involving regret, the higher the regret-related emotions and the lower the happiness. Out of the two contrasting principles regarding regret-future opportunity principle and lost opportunity principle-this supported the lost opportunity principle. Finally, the path analysis result showed that perceived opportunity and rumination had effects on subjective well-being both directly and indirectly. Engagement of a new goal had a direct effect on subjective well-being.

keywords
Submission Date
2015-01-14
Revised Date
2015-03-05
Accepted Date
2015-03-07

Reference

1.

남궁재은, 허태균 (2009). 한국 대학생들은 무엇을 후회 하는가?: 후회와 지각된 기회간의 관계를 중심으로. 한국심리학회지: 사회 및 성격, 23(1), 181-194.

2.

변외진, 김춘경 (2007). 중년여성의 우울 감소를 위한 내적가족체계치료 집단상담 프로그램의 효과. 상담학연구, 8(4), 1391-1409.

3.

서경현 (2014). 여성 독거노인의 후회, 자기노출, 원한 및 용서와 웰빙 간의 관계. 한국심리학회지: 건강, 19(2), 565-583.

4.

서은국, 구재선 (2011). 단축형 행복 척도(COMOSWB) 개발 및 타당화. 한국심리학회지: 사회 및 성격, 25(1), 95-113.

5.

유경 (2010). 후회 경험에 대한 대처양식의 차이가 노년기 주관적 안녕감에 미치는 영향. 한국심리학회지: 발달, 23(2), 73-92.

6.

유성은, 권정혜 (1997). 완벽주의적 성향, 사회적 지지, 스트레스에 대한 대처방식이 중년 여성의 우울에 미치는 영향. 한국심리학회지: 임상, 16(2), 67-84.

7.

윤현숙, 유희정, 이주일, 김동현, 김영범, 박군석, 유경, 장숙량 (2008). 인생의 보람과후회: 성공적 노화여부에 따른 비교. 정신보건과 사회사업, 28, 5-35.

8.

정영숙 (2010). 대학생의 후회 유형과 후회 관련 정서에 관한 탐색적 연구. 사회과학연구, 21(4), 49-67.

9.

정옥분 (2008). 성인․노인심리학. 서울: 학지사

10.

정은이 (2013). 대학생 시기의 후회와 주관적안녕 및 대학 생활 적응의 관계. 아시아교육연구, 14(1), 305-330.

11.

주미정, 정영숙 (2009). 내적 통제성과 후회 경험이 노인의 주관적 안녕감에 미치는 영향. 한국심리학회지: 발달, 22(4), 15-36.

12.

한미영, 김재휘, 안서원 (2010). 30대 미혼 여성의 삶의 후회와 주관적 안녕의 관계. 한국심리학회지: 사회 및 성격, 24(1), 29-46.

13.

허태균 (2002). 사후가정사고의 심리적 기능과응용적 가치. 한국심리학회지: 사회문제, 8(2), 171-190.

14.

홍세희 (2000). 구조방정식 모형의 적합도 지수 선정기준과 그 근거. 한국심리학회지:임상, 19(1), 161-177.

15.

Bauer, I. M. (2011). Coping with life regrets across the adult lifespan. In R. Trnka, K. Balcar, & M. Kuška. (Eds.), Re-Constructing Emotional Spaces: From Experience to Regulation (pp.135-152). Prague: Prague Psychosocial Studies Press.

16.

Bauer, I., & Wrosch, C. (2011). Making up for lost opportunity: The protective role of downward social comparisons for coping with regrets across adulthood. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 37(2), 215-228.

17.

Bauer, I., Wrosch, C., & Jobin, J. (2008). I’m better off than most other people: The role of social comparisons for coping with regret in young and old age. Psychology and Aging, 23(4), 800-811.

18.

Beike, D. R., Markman, K. D., & Karadogan, F.(2009). What we regret most are lost opportunity: A theory of regret intensity. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 35(3), 385-397.

19.

Brandtstädter, J., & Renner, G. (1990). Tenacious goal pursuit and flexible goal adjustment:explication and age-related analysis of assimilative and accommodative strategies of coping. Psychology and Aging, 5, 58-67.

20.

Carver, C. S., & Scheier, M. F. (1990). Origins and functions of positive and negative affect:A control-process view. Psychological Review, 97(1), 19-35.

21.

Carver, C. S., & Scheier, M. F. (1998). On the self-regulation of behavior. New York: Cambridge University Press.

22.

Carver, C. S., & Scheier, M. F. (1999). Themes and issues in the self-regulation of behavior. In R. S. Wyer, Jr. (Ed.), Advances in social cognition: Vol. XII. Perspectives on behavioral self regulation. Mahwah, NJ: LEA.

23.

Connolly, T., & Zeelenberg, M. (2002). Regret in decision making. Current Directions in Psychological Science December, 11(6), 212-216.

24.

Diener, E. (1984). Subjective well-being. Psychological Bulletin, 95, 542-575.

25.

Gilovich, T., & Medvec, V. H. (1995). The experience of regret: What, When, and Why. Psychological Review, 102(2), 379-395.

26.

Gilovich, T., Medvec, V. H., & Kahneman, D.(1998). Varieties of regret: A debate and partial resolution. Psychological Review, 105(3), 602-605.

27.

Heckhausen, J., & Schulz, R. (1995). A life-span theory of control. Psychological Review, 102(2), 284-304.

28.

Heckhausen, J., Wrosch, C., & Schulz, R. (2010). A motivational theory of life-span development. Psychological Review, 117(1), 32-60.

29.

Farquhar, J. C. (2014). Opportunity and the adaptive management of regret across the life span. Doctoral Dissertation. Concordia University, Montreal, Canada.

30.

Farquhar, J. C., Wrosch, W. C., Pushkar, D., &Li, K. Z. H. (2013). The value of adaptive regret management in retirement. The International Journal of Aging and Human Development, 76(2), 99-121.

31.

Jokisaari, M. (2003). Regret appraisals, age and subjective well-being. Journal of Research in Personality, 37, 487-503.

32.

Jokisaari, M. (2004). Regrets and subjective well-being: A life course approach. Journal of Adult Development, 11, 281-288.

33.

Kahneman, D., & Miller, D. T. (1986). Norm theory: Comparing reality to its alternatives. Psychological Review, 93(2), 136-153.

34.

Landman, J. (1987). Regret: A Theoretical and conceptual analysis. Journal for Theory of Social Behavior, 17, 135-160.

35.

Lecci, L., Okun, M. A., & Karoly, P. (1994). Life regrets and current goals as predictors of psychological adjustment. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 66, 731-741.

36.

Markman, K. D., Gavanski, I., Sherman, S. J., &McMullen, M. N. (1993). The Mental simulation of better and worse possible worlds. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 29(1), 87-109.

37.

McQuaide, S. (1998). Women at midlife. Social Work, 43, 21-31.

38.

Morrison, M., & Roese, N. J. (2011). Regrets of the typical American: Findings from a nationally representative sample. Social Psychological and Personality Science, 2(6), 576-583.

39.

Nesse, R. M. (2000). Is depression an adaptation? Archives of General Psychiatry, 57, 14-20.

40.

Newall, N. E., Chipperfield, J. G., Daniels, L. M.,Hladkyj, S., & Perry, R. P. (2009). Regret in later Life: Exploring relationships between regret frequency, secondary interpretive control Beliefs, and health in older individuals. The International Journal of Aging and Human Development, 68(4), 261-288.

41.

Roese, N. J. (1997). Counterfactual thinking. Psychological Bulletin, 121, 133-148.

42.

Roese, N. J., & Summerville, A. (2005). What we regret most and why. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 31(9), 1273-1285.

43.

Saffrey, C., Summerville, A., & Roese, N. J.(2008). Praise for regret: People value regret above other negative emotions. Motivation and Emotion, 32(1), 46-54.

44.

Schieman, S., Pearlin, L. I., & Nguyen, K. B.(2005). Status inequality and occupational regrets in late life. Research on Aging, 27(6), 692-724.

45.

Schulz, R., & Heckhausen, J. (1996). A life span model of successful aging. American Psychologist, 51, 702-714.

46.

Shen Jing (2010). Psychological well-being and regret resolutions of Chinese middle-aged women. 부산대학교 일반대학원 석사학위논문.

47.

Snyder, C. R. (2002). Hope theory: Rainbows of the mind. Psychological Inquiry, 13, 249-275.

48.

Sprangers, M. A. G., & Schwartz, C. E. (1999). Integrating response shift into health-related quality of life research: A theoretical model. Social Science and Medicine, 48, 1507-1515.

49.

Stewart, A. J., & Vandewater, E. A. (1999). ‘If I had it to do over again ?’ Midlife review midcourse corrections, and women’s well-being in midlife. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 76, 270-283.

50.

Summerville, A. (2011). The rush of regret: A Longitudinal analysis of naturalistic regrets. Social Psychological and Personality Science, 2(6), 627-634.

51.

Torges, C. M., Stewart, A. J., & Miner-Rubino, K.(2005). Personality after the prime of life:Men and Women coming to terms with regret. Journal of Research in Personality, 39, 148-165.

52.

Wrosch, C., Bauer, I., Miller, G. E., & Lupien, S.(2007). Regret intensity, diurnal cortisol secretion, and physical health in order individuals: Evidence for directional effects and protective factors. Psychology & Aging, 22, 319-330.

53.

Wrosch, C., Bauer, I., & Scheier, M. F. (2005). Regret and quality of life across the adult life span: The influence of disengagement and available future goals. Psychology and Aging, 20, 657-670.

54.

Wrosch, C., & Heckhausen, J. (2002). Perceived control of life regrets: Good for young and bad for old adults. Psychology and Aging, 17(2), 340-350.

55.

Wrosch, C., Scheier, M. F., Carver, C. S., &Schulz, R. (2003). The importance of goal disengagement in adaptive self-regulation:When giving up is beneficial. Self and Identity, 2(1), 1-20.

56.

Zeelenberg, M. (1999). The use of crying over spilled milk: A note on the rationality and functionality of regret. Philosophical Psychology, 12, 325-340.

57.

Zeelenberg, M., van Dijk, W. W., van der Pligt, J., Manstead, A. S. R., van Empelen, P., &Reinderman, D. (1998). Emotional reactions to outcomes of decisions: The role of counterfactual thinking in the experience of regret and disappointment. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 75, 117-141.

58.

Zeelenberg, M., & Pieters, R. (2007). A Theory of regret regulation 1.0. Journal of Consumer Psychology, 17(1), 3-18.

logo