ISSN : 1229-0718
The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships among paternal attachment, maladaptive anger expression, emotional clarity, and self-efficacy. Participants were 379 middle school students from the Seoul, Gyeonggi, Gyeongnam, and Gangwon provinces. Structural Equation Modeling was conducted to analyze self-report data. The results indicate that both self-efficacy and the combination of self-efficacy and emotional clarity significantly mediate the relationship between paternal attachment and maladaptive anger expression. Based on these findings, we discuss effective intervention strategies for adolescents who have trouble with maladaptive anger expression caused by a low level of attachment to their father. The strategic implications for interventions with fathers are also addressed.
김가희 (2013). 초기 청소년 부모애착 및 자아존중감과 청소년 분노에 관한 종단연구:잠재성장모형 적용. 청소년복지연구, 15(2), 295-317.
김광수, 김미선 (2008). 정서지능 향상 프로그램이 아동의 스트레스 인식과 스트레스대처에 미치는 영향. 초등상담연구, 7(2), 141-158.
김명화, 박영자 (2013). 부모 및 또래애착이 분노표현에 미치는 영향. 가족과 상담, 3(1), 33-59.
김아영 (1997). 자기효능감과 측정. 산업 및 조직심리학회. 통계학술대회 논문집, 51-64.
김진영, 고영건 (2011). 청소년의 분노표현 양식과 지각된 정서적 유능성이 학교분노에미치는 효과. 한국심리학회지: 사회문제, 17(1), 63-79.
김현주, 이정윤 (2011). 청소년의 애착과 분노표현의 관계: 내면화된 수치심의 매개 효과. 상담학연구, 12(3), 965-981.
박은선 (2009). 아버지 애착과 지지가 대학생의 진로탐색 자기효능감과 진로탐색행동에 미치는 영향. 상담학연구, 10(2), 947-965.
박희경, 정계숙 (2012). 유아-부모 애착과 애착일치 여부가 또래지위에 미치는 영향. 한국아동학회지, 3(2), 229-242.
백진아 (2009). 한국의 가족 변화: 가부장성의지속과 변동. 현상과 인식, 33(1), 204-224.
서수균 (2007). 자존감과 자기애 수준에 따른분노사고, 신념, 분노표현의 차이. 한국심리학회지: 상담 및 심리치료, 19(3), 719-734.
소원석 (2013). 정서지능이 청소년의 공격성과 분노표현에 미치는 영향. 대구가톨릭대학교교육대학원 석사학위논문.
신정미, 조성호 (2014). 정서인식명확성과 분노표현방식 관계에서 분노반추의 매개효과. 인간이해, 35(1), 129-148.
심은정, 홍주현 (2013). 정서인식의 명확성과청소년의 정신건강: 정서조절곤란의 매개효과. 한국심리학회지: 일반, 32(1), 195-212.
옥 정 (1998). 청소년기 애착 안정성과 우울성향의 관계: 지각된 유능감의 매개효과를 중심으로. 이화여자대학교 석사학위논문.
옥 정, 방희정 (2012). 아버지 애착표상, 아버지 탐색민감성, 유아 애착안정성 및 유아 발달간의 관계. 한국심리학회지: 발달, 25(2), 45-65.
이복영 (2008). 부모-자녀간의 애착이 중학생의대인관계와 자기효능감에 미치는 영향. 상담평가연구, 1(1), 89-101.
이신숙 (2008). 청소년의 성역할 특성, 부모와의 애착정도가 자기효능감에 미치는 영향. 한국생활과학회지, 17(6), 1037-1049.
이영식, 조주연 (1999). 한국판 청소년 상태 -특성 분노표현척도의 표준화 연구. 神經精神醫學, 38(4), 794-804.
이영환, 백지은 (1998). 아버지의 양육행동과유아의 애착, 사회적 능력과의 관계. 미래유아교육학회지, 5(1), 1-28.
이제화, 이상복 (2007). 정서 및 행동 문제를가진 아동의 가족지원 프로그램 분석: 1997년에서 2007까지 국내외 연구 중심으로. 정서 학습장애아교육 학술발표회, 15(2), 103-125.
이한우, 이미희 (2013). 대학생의 정서인식, 정서표현, 정서표현양가성이 자기효능감에미치는 영향. 정서․행동장애연구, 29(3), 181-200.
이훈구, 이수정 (1997). Trait meta-mood scale 의타당화에 관한 연구. 한국심리학회지: 사회및 성격, 11(1), 95-116.
조윤경 (2014). 한국 사회의 구조적 변동과 아버지 양육의 변화. 한국융합인문학, 2(1), 83- 112.
조윤미, 이 숙 (2008). 중학생의 부모-자녀의사소통과 자기효능감이 학교생활적응에 미치는 영향. 한국지역사회생활과학회지, 19(4), 641-658.
채영문 (2012). 유아, 아버지 배경변인과 아버지 애착유형이 유아의 정서조절능력에 미치는 영향. 영유아교육연구, 15, 83-101.
채진영 (2009). 아버지의 애착표상과 양육행동이유아의 애착표상 및 사회적 능력에 미치는영향. 서울대학교 박사학위 논문.
최은실, 방희정 (2013). 정서인식 및 표현 능력향상 프로그램의 효과 연구: 정서단어와얼굴표정을 중심으로. 한국심리학회지: 발달, 26(1), 17-39.
최은혜 (2011). 자기조절과 인지적 유연성이 특성분노 및 분노표현에 미치는 영향. 대구가톨릭대학교 대학원 석사학위논문.
한국여성정책연구원 (2013). 성인지 통계, 혼인 상태별 경제활동인구(2013년도).
Al-Yagon, M. (2011). Adolescents' subtypes of attachment security with fathers and mothers and self-perceptions of socioemotional adjustment. Psychology, 2(4), 291-299.
Anderson, C. A., & Bushman, B. J. (2002). Human aggression. Psychology, 53(1), 27.
Armsden, G. C., & Greenberg, M. T. (1987). The inventory of parent and peer attachment:Individual differences and their relationship to psychological well-being in adolescence. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 16(5), 427-454.
Aunola, K., Stattin, H., & Nurmi, J. (2000). Parenting styles and adolescents' achievement strategies. Journal of Adolescence, 23(2), 205-222.
Ausbrooks, E. P., Thomas, S. P., & Williams, R.L. (1995). Relationships among self-efficacy, optimism, trait anger, and anger expression. Health Values, 19(4), 46-54.
Bandura, A. (1977). Self-efficacy toward a unifying theory of behavioral change. Psychological Review, 84. 191-215.
Bandura, A. (1986). Social foundations of thought and action: A social cognitive theory. NJ: Prentice Hall.
Bandura, A. (1995). Self-efficacy in changing societies. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Bandura, A., Caprara, G. V., Barbaranelli, C., Pastorelli, C., & Regalia, C. (2001). Sociocognitive self- regulatory mechanisms governing transgressive behavior. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 80(1), 125-135.
Barlow, D. H. (2000). Unraveling the mysteries of anxiety and its disorders from the perspective of emotion theory. American Psychology. 55, 1245-1263.
Beck, J. S. (1995). Cognitive therapy. Wiley Online Library
Bentler, P. M. (1995). EQS structural equations program manual Multivariate Software. CA:Encino.
Berlyn, C., Wise, S., & Soriano, G. (2008). Engaging fathers in child and family services:Participation, perceptions and good practice. Occasional Paper No. 22. Canberra: National Evaluation Consortium (University of NSW and Australian Institute of Family Studies).
Bowlby, J. (1958). The nature of the child's tie to his mother. International Journal of Psychoanal, 39(5), 350-73.
Brackett, M. A., Rivers, S. E., & Salovey, P.(2011). Emotional intelligence: Implications for personal, social, academic, and workplace success. Social and Personality Psychology Compass, 5(1), 88-103.
Browne, M., & Cudeck, R. (1993). Testing structural equation models. CA: Sage.
Cabrera, N. J., Tamis-LeMonda, C. S., Bradley, R.H., Hofferth, S., & Lamb, M. E. (2000). Fatherhood in the twenty-first century. Child Development, 71, 127-136.
Cappuzzo, R. M., Sheppard, B. S., & Uba, G.(2010). Boot camp for new dads: The importance of infant-father attachment. Young Children, 65(3), 24-28.
Carson, J. (1993). Parent-child physical play:Determinants and consequences. In J. Carson, V. Burks, & R. D. Parke (Eds.), Parent-Child Play: Descriptions and Implications. (pp.197-220). NY: State University of New York Press.
Cowan, P. A., Cohn, D. A., Cowan, C. P., &Pearson, J. L. (1996). Parents, attachment histories and children’s externalizing and internalizing behaviors: Exploring family systems models of linkage. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 64(1), 53-63.
Diener, M., Isabella, R., & Behunin, M. (2008). Attachment to mothers and fathers during middle school: Associations with child gender, grade and competence. Social Development, 17(1), 84-100.
Dixon, S., Yogman, M., Tronick, E., Adamson, L.,Als, H., & Brazelton, T. B. (1982). Early infant social interaction with parents and strangers. Journal of the American Academy of Child Psychiatry, 20(1), 32-52.
Feldman B., L., & Gross, J. J. (2001). Emotional intelligence: A process model of emotion representation and regulation. In T. J. Mayne & G. A. Bonanno (Eds.), Emotions: Current issues and future directions (pp.286-310). New York: Guilford Press.
Ferguson, C. J., San Miguel, C., & Hartley, R.D. (2009). A multivariate analysis of youth violence and aggression: the influence of family, peers, depression, and media violence. The Journal of pediatrics, 155(6), 904-908.
Gottman, J. M., Katz, L. F., & Hooven, C.(1997). Metaemotion. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
Goldman, S. L., Kraemer, D. T., & Salovey, P.(1996). Beliefs about mood moderate the relationship of stress to illness and symptom reporting. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 41(2), 115-128.
Gohm, C. L., & Clore, G. L. (2000). Individual differences in emotional experience: Mapping available scales to processes. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 26(6), 679-697.
Grossmann, K., Grossmann, K. E., Fremmer -Bombik, E., Kindler, H., Scheuerer -Englisch, H., & Zimmermann, P. (2002). The uniqueness of the child-father attachment relationship: Fathers' sensitive and challenging play as a pivotal variable in a 16-year longitudinal study. Social Development, 11(3), 301-337.
Hair, J., Black, W., Babin, B. Y. A., Anderson,R., & Tatham, R. (2010). Multivariate data analysis. A global perspective. Pearson Prentice.
Hall., R. J., Snell, A. F., & Foust, M. S. (1999). Item parceling strategies in SEM: Investigating the subtle effects of unmodeled secondary constructs. Organizational Research Methods, 2(3), 233-256.
Huebner, R. A., Werner, M., Hartwig, S., White,S., & Shewa, D. (2008). Engaging fathers. Administration in Social Work, 32(2), 87-103.
Kline, R. B. (2005). Principles and Practice of Structural Equation Modeling (2nd Edition ed.). New York: The Guilford Press.
Konishi, H., & Hymel, S. (2014). An Attachment Perspective on Anger Among Adolescents. Merrill-Palmer Quarterly, 60(1), 53-79.
Kring, A. M., & Gordon, A. H. (1998). Sex differences in emotion: Expression, experience, and physiology. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 74(3), 686-703.
Labrell, F. (1996). Paternal play with toddlers:Recreation and creation. European Journal of Psychology of Education, 11(1), 43-54.
Lamb, M. E. (1981). The role of the father in child development. NY: Wiley.
Lamb, M. E., Pleck, J. H., Charnov, E. L., &Levine, J. A. (1985). Paternal behavior in humans. American Zoologist, 25(3), 883-894.
Larson, R., Kubey, R., & Colletti, J. (1989). Changing channels: Early adolescent media choices and shifting investments in family and friends. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 18(6), 583-599.
Mavroveli, S., Petrides, K. V., Rieffe, C., &Bakker, F. (2007). Trait emotional intelligence, psychological well-being and peer-rated social competence in adolescence. British Journal of Developmental Psychology, 25, 263-275.
Mayer, J. D., & Salovey, P. (1997). What is emotional intelligence? In P. Salovey & D. Sluyter (Eds.), Emotional Development and Emotional Intelligence: Implications for Educators (pp.3-31). New York: Basic Books.
Maxwell, N., Scourfield, J., Featherstone, B.,Holland, S., & Tolman, R. (2012). Engaging fathers in child welfare services: A narrative review of recent research evidence. Child and Family Social Work, 17(2), 160.169.
Newland, L. A., Coyl, D. D., & Hui-Hua, C.(2010). Fathering and attachment in the USA and Taiwan: Contextual predictors and child outcomes. Early Child Development and Care, 180(1&2), 173-191.
Parke, R. D., McDowell, D. J., Kim, M., Killan, C., Dennis, J., Flyr, M. L., & Wild, M. N.(2002). Fathers.’ contributions to children.’s peer relationships. In C. S. Tamis-LeMonda, & N. Cabrera (Eds.), Handbook of father involvement: Multidisciplinary perspectives (pp.141-167). New Jersey & London: LEA.
Paquette, D. (2004). Theorizing the Father-Child Relationship: Mechanisms and Developmental Outcomes. Human Development, 47(4), 193-219.
Pyszczynski, T., Greenberg, J., Solomon, S., Arndt,A., and Schimel, J. (2004). Why do people need self-esteem? A theoretical and empirical review. Psychological Bulletin, 130(3), 435-468.
Russell, T., Chu, A., E., & Phillips, M., L. (2006). A pilot study to investigate the effectiveness of emotion recognition remediation in schizophrenia using the micro‐expression training tool. British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 45(4), 579-583.
Saarni, C. (1999). The development of emotional competence. NY: Guilford Press.
Saleh, M. F. (2012). Child welfare professionals'experiences in engaging fathers in services. Child and Adolescent Social Work Journal, 30(2). 119-137.
Salovey, P., Mayer, J. D., Goldman, S. L., Turvey,C., & Palfai, T. P. (1995). Emotional attention, clarity, and repair: Exploring emotional intelligence using the Trait Meta-Mood Scale. In J. Pennebaker (Ed.), Emotion, disclosure, & health (pp.125-154). Washington, DC: APA.
Spielberger, C. D., Krasner, S. S., & Solomon,E. P. (1988). The experience, expression, and control of anger. Individual differences, stress, and health psychology (pp.89-108). NY:Springer.
Thornburg, H. D. (1982). Development in adolescence. Brooks Cole, CA: Cole Publishing Company.
Weymouth, L. A., & Howe, T. R. (2011). A multi-site evaluation of Parents Raising Safe Kids violence prevention program. Children and Youth Services Review, 33(10), 1960-1967.