ISSN : 1229-0718
Cognitive theories of anxiety disorders have proposed that biased selective processing of threatening information is a prominent cognitive factor in the causation and maintenance of anxiety. The major goals of this study were to determine the relationship between recognition of emotional facial expressions and level of geriatric anxiety, and to understand whether bias in emotional information recognition is related to attentional bias. In Study 1, 50 morphed facial expressions conveying happiness, sadness, anger, fear, and neutral emotions were created from neutral to fully emotive expression at 2% intervals. The subjects were asked to indicate which frame in the sequence of pictures showed the particular emotion, as well as to identify the illustrated emotion. The results demonstrated that the threshold for the correct identification of an angry facial expression was significantly lower for the group with a geriatric anxiety tendency as compared to the normal group, but that the threshold for the correct identification of a fear facial expression was not quite different between the two groups. In Study 2, a modified version of the probe detection task was used to investigate the time course of attentional bias for facial emotion. Facial pairs were presented across two exposure durations of 50 ms and 1,500 ms. The results showed that the geriatric anxiety tendency group was more vigilant for angry facial expression in the brief exposure duration (50 ms) condition. However, the same group showed a very reliable tendency to avoid the angry faces. The limitations of the present study and directions for future research were discussed.
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