본 연구의 목적은 성역할정체감의 긍정적-부정적 측면이 부부관계 적응에 미치는 영향을 파악하고, 그 과정에서 배우자에 대한 사회적지지 제공 및 부부관계 효능감의 매개효과를 검토하는 것이다. 이를 위해 인과적 구조모형을 검증하였다. 확률표집에 의해 추출된 35~65세의 일본인 기혼남녀 376명을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였다. 매개구조모형 검증에 앞서, EPAQ(Spence, Helmreich, & Holahan, 1979)로 측정된 긍정적 남성성(PM), 긍정적 여성성(PF), 부정적 남성성(NM), 부정적 여성성(NF)의 4요인 모형에 대한 확인적 요인분석을 실시하여 높은 구성타당도를 확인하였다. 구조방정식 모형의 검증 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. (1) 배우자에 대한 사회적지지 제공 및 부부관계 효능감은 부부관계 적응을 높이는 유효한 요인이었다. (2) PF는 배우자에 대한 사회적지지 제공 및 부부관계 효능감과 정적인 관련성을 가지고 부부관계 적응 수준을 높이는 것으로 나타나, PF가 부부관계 적응을 위한 중요한 속성임이 제시되었다. (3) PM 역시 두 매개변수에 대해 미약하게나마 정적인 관련성을 지니는 것으로 나타나, 부부관계 맥락에서 PM에 주목할 필요성이 제시되었다. (4) NF는 부부관계 효능감 수준을 낮추어 부부관계 적응 수준을 저하시켰다. (5) PM, PF, NM, NF는 사회적지지 제공과 부부관계 효능감에 대해 서로 다르게 작용하였다. 이러한 연구결과를 바탕으로 본 연구의 의의 및 후속연구에 대한 제언을 논의하였다.
This study examined the mediating effects of social support provision for spouse and marital efficacy on the relation between positive-negative sex role identity and marital adjustment. Mail survey was conducted on 376 Japanese married men and women sampled by probability sampling method in ages between 35-65. Data were analyzed in four ways; confirmatory factor analysis, MANOVA, t-test and structural equation model analyses. The results of the study were as follows: First, the construct validity of four factor sex role identity model-Positive Masculinity(PM), Positive Femininity(PF), Negative Masculinity(NM), Negative Femininity(NF)- was high enough. Second, structural equation modeling analysis showed that 1) social support provision and efficacy in marriage were important factors for enhancing marital adjustment, 2) social support provision and marital efficacy were significant positive mediating effects on the relation between PM and marital adjustment, 2) PF had strong positive effects on marital adjustment in direct and indirect ways, 3) NF was negatively correlated with marital efficacy. 4) PM, PF, NM and NF had different impact on social support provision and marital efficacy respectively. Implications of the findings and future directions for research are discussed.
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