The purpose of this life history study was to analyze environmental characteristics, meanings of studying in old age, and change processes in lives for women who started studying late. To achieve this purpose of research, data were collected through in-depth interviews with seven women in 50s who started studying, majoring in social welfare in s college. In the process of data analysis, common categories and sub-concepts were extracted according to Mandelbaum’s three conceptual frameworks: life dimensions, turning points, and adaptation. In the result of this study, the extracted categories were ‘family of origin’, ‘family of procreation’, and ‘school’ in life dimension, ‘frustration to further studying in advanced levels’, ‘getting jobs’, ‘marriage’, ‘parenthood for school’, ‘mid-life crisis’ and ‘entering middle and higher schooling’ in turning points, and ‘acception to their own circumstances’, ‘meeting their own expectations’, ‘the change of family relationships’, ‘making of a new identity’ and ‘vision of future’ in adaptation. Especially, in this study, some results to show enhance of self-esteem, construction of self-identity and improvement of family relationships though the experiences of studying in college among women who started studying late were emerged. By tracing the women’s life experiences and visualizing their issues, this study has some helpful implications: Late learning activities in their age were able to give opportunities to be a positive way to spend the extended ole ages more healthily and meaningfully as well as opportunities to achieve their self-actualization.
The purpose of this study was to find out the relationship between Somatization and Occupational Stress, Negative Affect and Focusing Manners among Female Office Workers, and to identify the mediating effect of Focusing Manners on the influence of Occupational Stress and Negative Affect on Somatization. Data were obtained from 501 Female Office Workers in Seoul, JeonNam and KyoungNam region. The main results are firstly, all Occupational Stressors except Job Demand and Negative Affect are positively correlated with Somatization. Regarding Experiential attention & appreciations and Experiential awareness, there were positive correlations with Somatization but a negative correlation with Keeping appropriate distance. The results of analysis on the correlation among the study variables, Job Demand & Occupational Climate among Occupational Stressors have positive correlations with Experiential Awareness. Also, there was a positive correlation between Negative Affect and Experiential attention & appreciations and Experiential Awareness of Focusing Manner. However, Occupational Stressors and Negative Affect have negative correlations with Experimental acceptance & action taking and Keeping appropriate distance. Secondly, Focusing Manners partially mediates in four models: Experiential awareness has a mediating effect partially between Job Demand & Occupational Climate. Also, Keeping appropriate distance partially mediates on the influence of all Occupations stressors except insufficient job control on Somatization. For Negative Affect, Experiential attention & appreciations and Experiential awareness partially mediated on the influences of Somatization. Based on the results, implications, limitation and directions for the future study were discussed.
The purpose of this study is examining the effects of mothers' mental health, parenting stress, mother-child relationship, children's temperament, and behavior problem on the internet addiction of young children's mothers. Subjects were 811 mothers having young children aged 3 or under. Results are as follows. First, as a result of investigating how internet addiction patterns of young children's mothers, 0.1% of participants were classified the high risk internet user group needed the intensive treatment at the specialized agency. 1.1% of the participants were classified as type A among latent risk user group needed the professional counselling on their mental health, and 13.4% were classified as type B among latent risk user group needed. for effective time management. Second, mothers in the internet addiction group showed more depression and anxiety, experienced higher parenting stress, and felt more relational frustration between mother and child than ones in normal group. Third, young children of internet addicted mothers showed more difficult or slow to warm-up temperament and more externalizing and internalizing behavior problems than ones in the normal group. Finally, mothers' depression and parenting stress were significant predictors on mothers' internet addiction.
The purpose of the present study was to examine the effect of response situation(honest /faking), type of personality measures(Normative/Ipsative), and gender(male/female) on the dark side of personality related to derailment factors. The normative form of dark side of personality measures consists of 120 items, while the ipsative is composed of 40 sets of items with 3 alternatives. 414 college students completed both normative and ipsative version of the personality inventory related to derailment factors either honestly or in a fake-good condition. The results of three-way ANOVA with hybrid design demonstrated the significant main effect for response situation and gender. In the case of the interaction, the significant two-way interaction of response situation and type of personality measures was supported. However, there was no significant three-way interaction of response situation, types of personality measures and gender, indicating the two-way interaction of response situation and type of personality measures was consistent across gender. This shows the ipsative type can reduce the faking behavior in the context of personnel selection compared to the normative in males as well as females. Suggestions for future research and practical implications were provided based on the findings.