본 연구는 직장-가정 갈등의 선행변인을 시간근거갈등(양적부하)과 긴장근거갈등(역할기대)으로 설정하고, 결과변인을 직무탈진과 가정만족으로 설정하여 직장-가정갈등의 선행변인 및 결과변인과의 관계를 통합적인 개념적 모형으로 검증하고, 이러한 모형에서의 남녀성차를 확인하기 위해 실시되었다. 먼저, 직장-가정 갈등의 선행변인과 결과변인의 사이에서 WIF와 FIW의 매개효과를 검증한 결과, WIF의 매개효과는 유의하게 나타났으나, FIW의 매개효과는 없는 것으로 나타났다. 다음으로, 직장-가정 갈등의 개념모형에 포함된 여러 잠재변인간의 경로에서 남녀가 보여주는 성차에 대한 검증결과, 몇몇 경로에서 남녀의 성차가 나타났다(가정역할→FIW, 가정역할→가정만족, WIF→가정만족). 결과적으로, FIW의 전이효과를 보여준 이전의 직장-가정 연구(Frone 등, 1992a)와 달리, 본 연구에서는 WIF의 전이효과를 보여주었으며, 이는 직장과 가정의 중심성에 대한 인식에서 우리나라가 보다 직장 중심적인 경향이 있음을 시사한다. 또한, 성차가 나타난 세 개의 경로 모두가 가정영역과 연관된 경로에서 발생하였다는 점을 보았을 때, 직장-가정 갈등에서의 성차는 직장에서의 시간부담이나 역할부담 보다는 가정에서의 가사분담이나 역할인식으로 인해 나타나는 것으로 볼 수 있으며, 여성에 비해 남성에게서 직장→가정으로의 전이효과가 강하게 나타나는 것을 알 수 있었다. 마지막으로 본 연구의 의의와 후속연구를 위한 제안점을 언급하였다.
This study was intended to suggest a conceptual model among the variables related to work-family conflict by extending the findings on Frone et. al. (1992)'s cross domain model using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) and multi-sample analysis. Various antecedents and consequences of work-family conflict were investigated. Time based conflict and strain based conflict were used to measure antecedents and job burnout and job satisfaction were used to measure consequences. The main results were as follows. First, regarding the mediating role of WIF and FIW in its relationship between antecedents and consequences, only WIF has shown a significant effect. This finding was contrary to Frone et. al. (1992)'s result, which suggested that workers in South Korea were more oriented to their work than those who in western conturies. Second, regarding the moderating role of gender differences in its relationship among the variables, gender differences have shown a moderating role between the variables, family stressor to FIW, family stressor to family satisfaction, WIF to family satisfaction, respectively. This finding suggested that male workers were more likely to experience the spillover effect from work to family than female workers. Finally, the implications and limitations were discussed.
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