본 연구는 임산부의 태아애착을 측정하기 위해 Condon(1993)의 태아애착 척도(Maternal Antenatal Attachment Scale: MAAS)의 타당도와 신뢰도를 검증하는데 목적이 있다. 연구대상은 서울·경기지역의 임산부 부모교육에 참가한 임산부 854명이다. 수집된 자료는 통계프로그램 SPSS 23.0과 M-plus 7을 사용하여 요인분석과 신뢰도, 타당도를 분석하였다. 첫째, 임산부 401명을 대상으로 문항분석과 탐색적 요인분석을 한 결과 2요인 구조(애착의 질, 애착의 강도)로 총 15문항이 산출되었고, 최종 선정된 15문항은 문항-전체 간 상관이 양호하게 나타났으며, 신뢰도 계수는 .82로 나타났다. 둘째, 임산부 453명을 대상으로 확인적 요인분석을 검증한 결과, 탐색적 요인분석에서 발견한 2요인 모형과 문항구성이 적합한 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 준거타당도와 공인타당도를 검증하기 위해 성인애착, 산전우울, 산전불안, 태아애착(MFAS)과의 상관분석을 실시한 결과 모두 유의한 상관이 나타나서 준거·공인타당도가 확보되었다. 본 연구결과를 기초로 태아애착(MAAS) 척도의 활용방안 및 추후연구를 위한 시사점을 논의하였다.
The purpose of this study is to verify the validity and reliability of Condon 's Maternal Antenatal Attachment Scale(MAAS) to measure maternal fetal attachment. The subjects of this study were 854 pregnant women who participated in the education of pregnant women in Seoul and Gyeonggi. The collected data were analyzed using statistical program SPSS 23.0 and M-plus 7, and the factor structure, reliability, and validity were analyzed. The results of exploratory factor analysis of 401 pregnant women revealed that 15 items were composed of two factor structure(attachment quality, attachment intensity). The final 15 items were found to be good correlations between items and the reliability coefficient was .82. The results of the confirmatory factor analysis of 453 pregnant women showed that the two factor model and the item composition were found to be appropriate. Validity analysis showed that adult attachment and prenatal anxiety, prenatal depression, MFAS and MAAS had significant correlations, so criterion validity and concurrent validity were verified. Based on the results of this study, we discussed the application of the MAAS scale and implications for future research.
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