Recently in korea, dating violence has become rate of incidence is rising and the a big problem in the society. The purpose of conducting this study is to investigate what the female victims of dating violence experience from the onset of the assault to the termination of the relationship. The subjects of this study were seven female college students aged 19 and over who had been victimized by dating violence within the last three years, and the individual in-depth interviews were conducted on them. The main research questions were, “What are the experience processes of the female victims of dating violence?” and “What are the main driving factors in the experience process?”As a result of analyzing the in-depth interview data by grounded theory approach, 95 concepts and 43 subcategories were derived from open-coding, and 17 categories were derived as a final result. The central phenomenon experienced by women suffering from dating violence appeared to be 'trapped in a snare of violence'. They were found to go through the process of breaking up with the perpetrator, trial, tightrope, recovery, and the growth phase. In addition, negative perceptions of parental relationships, confinement due to psychological and economic dependence, and perceived relationships with perpetrators as beloved experiences were risk factors in experiencing violence. Internalizing the cause of violence, self - harm and attempting suicide seemed to be obstacles to disconnection from the perpetrator, but the confrontation with the reality and the help of the external support system helped. This study suggests the implications for victims' intervention by looking at the process of dating violence experience.
Recently in korea, dating violence has become rate of incidence is rising and the a big problem in the society. The purpose of conducting this study is to investigate what the female victims of dating violence experience from the onset of the assault to the termination of the relationship. The subjects of this study were seven female college students aged 19 and over who had been victimized by dating violence within die last three years, and die individual in-depth interviews were conducted on them. The main research questions were, "What are die experience processes of the female victims of daring violence?" and "What are the main driving factors in the experience process?" As a result of analyzing the in-depth interview data by grounded theory approach, 95 concepts and 43 subcategories were derived from open-coding, and 17 categories were derived as a final result. The central phenomenon experienced by women suffering from dating violence appeared to be 'trapped in a snare of violence'. They were found to go through the process of breaking up with the perpetrator, trial, tightrope, recovery, and the growth phase. In addition, negative perceptions of parental relationships, confinement due to psychological and economic dependence, and perceived relationships with perpetrators as beloved experiences were risk factors in experiencing violence. Internalizing the cause of violence, self - harm and attempting suicide seemed to be obstacles to disconnection from the perpetrator, but the confrontation with the reality and the help of the external support system helped. This study suggests the implications for victims' intervention by looking at the process of dating violence experience.
The purpose of this study is to investigate the characteristics of thought-action fusion affecting sexual fantasies of adult women, and to test the effect that causes anxiety and discomfort due to cognitive bias toward intrusive thought is applied equally in sexual fantasy, and to make sense of the possibility of causing shame, guilt, and to influence the formation of sexual attitude. For this purpose, data were collected from 154 women in their 30s and 40s living in the central region of South Korea, and correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis were performed to verify the relative contribution of each variable. The results of this study were as follows: First, moral fusion was statistically positive correlated with the shame on sexual fantasy, negative correlation with sexual attitude, and frequency of sexual fantasy was statistically positive correlated with shame on sexual fantasy and guilt on sexual fantasy, and shame on sexual fantasy was positive correlated with guilt on sexual fantasies. Second, the meaningful predictive variable of the shame on sexual fantasy and guilt on sexual fantasy were moral fusion, and predictive variable of sexual attitude were likelihood fusion for other people. These results suggest that the higher the tendency of thought-action fusion, the more negative emotions such as shame and guilt by giving excessively importance and realism to sexual fantasy as in intrusive thoughts. In addition, it can be seen that the interaction of cognition and emotion contributed to the formation of a sexual attitude. This applied the concept of thought-action fusion, which was used only for obsessive-compulsive disorder, to a wider range. It is significant that it is the first study to empirically confirm how thought-action fusion's subordinate traits affect shame, guilt on sexual fantasy and sexual attitude. It is expected that reducing the level of thought-action fusion will be one of the effective intervention methods in the counseling and treatment of women who feel inappropriate guilty and shame about sexual fantasies that usually increase sexual satisfaction.
The aim of this study was to investigate whether and to what extent Korean young men and women differ in their verbal and spatial ability. To this end, 204 Korean adults (106 men, 98 women) were tested on two verbal tests, Word Fluency and Vocabulary, and two spatial tests, Mental Rotation and Block Design. The height of each participant was also measured to compare the magnitude of sex differences in verbal and spatial ability to that of height. The main results were as follows. First, Korean young women were superior to their male counterparts in both verbal tests. The effect size for Word Fluency was d=-0.27 and that for Vocabulary was d=-0.24, approximately amounting to 1/10 of the effect size for height, d=2.51. Second, Korean young men were superior to their female counterparts in Mental Rotation but equal to them in Block Design. The effect size for Mental Rotation was d=1.35, slightly exceeding 1/2 of the effect size for height. In conclusion, sex differences in verbal ability, probed by Word Fluency or Vocabulary, are relatively small and thus may be of scientific, but not necessarily practical, significance. In contrast, sex differences in spatial ability, probed by Mental Rotation, is relatively large and thus, may be of both scientific and practical significance.
Research on the current state of runaway adolescents has been conducted in Korea, but there is little research on the people’s perception of them. This study examined people’s perceptions about the cause, lifestyle and problem behavior of runaway adolescents, and compared them with the existing survey data of runaway adolescents. In addition, this study investigated gender differences in people’s perception of runaway adolescents, and compared them to the existing data to find any bias in people’s perception about male and female runaway adolescents. In study 1, people’s perceptions about prevalence, cause and lifestyle of runaway adolescents are examined. As a result, participants overestimated the prevalence rate of runaway adolescents. Also, there are significant discrepancy between perception and actual statistics with respect to places to stay and living expenses of runaway adolescents. In addition, we found notable difference in people’s perception about male and female runaway adolescents. In study 2, people’s perception about problem behavior such as drinking, theft and prostitution is examined. As a result, participants again overestimated prevalence of problem behavior than actual statistics. Moreover, depending on the type of problem behavior, people’s perception differed by gender of runaway adolescents.
In recent years, the problem of women's hatred through the Internet has reached a serious level in Korean society, and concerns about low female human rights are increasing. As a result, in 2015, a popular online community of women responding to such social discrimination has begun to emerge, and It has been continuing its change and development until now. Members of the community shared their values on the Internet and expressed their opinions through offline demonstrations which had a great social impact and this activity is defined as a second generation women's movement. However, the understanding of women's online human rights community is very fragmented because no specific research has been conducted on them yet. Therefore, in this study, The change of identity after the activity was investigated through consensual – qualitative research method, and the field of change was classified and its meaning was discussed.
This study examined perceptual accuracy, directional bias, and perceptual similarity bias in perceiving partner’s criticism and withdrawal communication among dating couples, applying Truth and Bias model (West & Kenny, 2011). In addition, the moderating effects of perceiver's withdrawal (in perception of partner’s criticism) and criticism (in perception of partner’s withdrawal), gender, and dating length were tested. Data collected from 197 dating couples were analyzed adopting Multi-level Modeling. For the Multi-level Modeling analysis, SPSS Mixed Modeling program was utilized. The results of this study were as follows. First, the perceptual accuracy in perceiving partner’s criticism and withdrawal were significant for both men and women. Second, regarding directional bias, there were positive biases in perceiving partner’s criticism for both men and women while there was positive bias in women’s perceiving partner’s withdrawal and not in men’s perception. Third, perceptual similarity bias in perceiving partner’s criticism and withdrawal were significant for both men and women, and women were higher in perceptual similarity bias than men. When perceiver’s withdrawal and criticism and dating length were included as moderators respectively, perceptual similarity bias were still significant for men, but not for women. Fourth, men’s criticism had moderating effects in men’s perceptual accuracy and perceptual similarity bias in perceiving partner’s withdrawal. Fifth, dating length decreased the positive bias in women’s perceiving partner’s withdrawal, but did not moderate perceptual accuracy and perceptual similarity bias. The results of this study were discussed and the theoretical implications, practical implications, limitation of this study and suggestions for further study were included.
This study investigated the moderating effects of various types of career stress in the relationships between career motivation and career preparation behaviors. Gender differences in the moderating effects are also examined between male and female college students. Hierarchical regression was conducted, using data from 574 college students(male 306, female 268). Results showed gender difference existed regarding the moderating effects of various types of career stress. For male participants, employment pressure and external conflict moderated the relationship between career insight and career preparation behaviors. For female participants, external conflict moderated the relationships between career identity and career preparation behaviors as well as between career resilience and career preparation behaviors. In addition, internal conflict moderated the relationship between career resilience and career preparation behaviors. Based on the present findings, limitations of this study as well as implications for future studies and counseling practices were discussed.