The Effect of Sexual Narcissism on Sexual Aggression in Young Adults : Meditating Effect of Rape Myths
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of sexual narcissism on sexual aggression and to examine the mediating effects of rape myths. A total of 460 Korean men and women in their 20s completed online questionnaire. The major findings are as follows. First, among the subtypes of sexual narcissism, sexual exploitation and sexual skills were higher in males and sexual entitlement was higher in females. Rape myths was higher in men and sexual aggression did not differ between men and women. Second, both men and women showed a positive correlation between sexual narcissism and rape myths. Higher sexual narcissism tended to correlate with higher sexual aggression except for sexual skills in males and for sexual entitlement and sexual skills in females. In addition, both men and women showed higher sexual aggression as they accepted the rape myths. Third, the mediating effect of rape myths was significant only in males in the relationship between sexual narcissism and sexual aggression. For women, only sexual exploitation, a subtypes of sexual narcissism, directly affected sexual aggression. This study suggests that cognitive processes such as rape myths play an important role in men, while narcissistic personality traits are more critical in women. Implications of this study are further discussed.
- keywords
- sexual narcissism, rape myths, sexual aggression, 성적 자기애, 강간에 대한 왜곡된 신념, 성적 공격성
Reference
길주현, 오경자 (2008). 자기애의 세부특성과 자기개념 명확성이 공격성에 미치는 영향. Korean Journal of Clinical Psychology, 27(4), 911-924.
김성미, 임성문 (2017). 인터넷 음란물 접촉과 성적 공격성의 관계. 사회과학연구, 34(1), 19-54.
김횽규, 허은주 (2003). 대학생의 심리적 성숙 변인과 성태도와의 관계 연구. 청소년학연구, 10(4), 403-422.
대검찰청 (2017). 10년간 범죄발생 및 범죄자 특성 추이.
박갑제, 임성문 (2013). 자기애와 성폭력의 관계: 경로모형 검증. 한국심리학회지: 문화 및 사회문제, 19(1), 45-44.
박경 (2006). 여대생의 성피해 경험과 자살사고와의 관계. 한국심리학회지: 여성, 11(3), 327-344
박경 (2008). 과잉 남성성과 성적 공격성간의관계: 공감 및 강간에 대한 왜곡된 신념의 중재 및 매개효과. 한국심리학회지: 상담 및 심리치료, 20(2), 519-536.
박다원, 이인혜 (2015). 자기애와 성폭력 가해 행동의 관계. 한국심리학회지: 문화 및 사회문제, 21(3), 377-394.
박다원, 이인혜 (2016). 자기애적 과시, 허용적 성태도, 경미한 성폭력 가해 행동 간의 관계. 한국심리학회지: 건강, 21(1), 153- 172.
박지선, 김정희 (2011). 성폭력 피해자에 대한 경찰의 인식이 가해자 처벌 판단에 미치는 영향. 피해자학연구, 19(2), 77-96.
백선미 (2005). 성역할 태도에 영향을 미치는 요인에 관한 연구. 성균관대학교 대학원 석사학위 논문.
이미정, 정수연, 양혜린 (2017). 성폭력․가정폭력 남성피해자 지원현황 및 정책과제, 한국여성정책연구원보고서, 2017, 1-248.
이석재 (1999). 강간통념척도의 개발과 타당도 검증. 한국심리학회지: 사회 및 성격, 13(2), 131-148.
이석재, 최상진 (2001). 강간에 대한 왜곡된 신념 수용도에 따른 성행동, 성폭력 및 성폭행사건 지각. 한국심리학회지: 사회 및 성격, 15(1), 97-116.
이선경, 팔로마베나비데스, 허용회, 박선웅(2014). 한국 대학생들의 나르시시즘 증가: 시교차적 메타분석(1999-2014). 한국심리학회지: 일반, 33(3), 609-628.
이선경, 허용회, 박선웅 (2015). 성별과 나이에 따른 성폭력 인식의 차이. Korean Journal of Social and Personality Psychology, 29(1), 65-81.
이종욱 (2017). 군인들의 양성평등 의식이 성적 공격성에 미치는 영향: 조직문화의 조절효과를 중심으로. 한세대학교 대학원 석사학위 논문.
이혜림 (2019). 여대생의 성역할고정관념이 성적자기주장에 미치는 영향: 자아존중감의 매개효과. 명지대학교 대학원 석사학위 논문.
장진숙, 박경 (2006). 남녀 대학생 성피해 경험과 성인지 및 정신건강과의 관계. 심리치료: 다학제적접근, 6(2), 61-80.
조현빈 (2006). 성폭력과 성폭력 피해자 심리의 이해. 한국범죄심리연구, 2, 39-59.
최인숙, 김정인 (2015). 성폭력 통념수용, 대인폭력수용 및 성역할-관련 태도가 공격적 성행동에 미치는 영향. 한국심리학회지: 여성, 20(3), 277-300.
최정환, 박은영 (2017). 성적 자기애 척도의 타당화. 보호관찰, 17(2), 171-198.
Abbey, A., Jacques-tiura, A. J., & Lebreton, J. M. (2011). Risk Factors for Sexual Aggression in Young Men: An Expansion of the Confluence Model. Aggressive Behavior, 37(5), 450–464.
Aronowitz, T., Lambert, C. A., & Davidoff, S. (2012). The role of rape myth acceptance in the social norms regarding sexual behavior among college students. Journal of Community Health Nursing, 29(3), 173-182.
Barner, J. M. (2003). Sexual fantasies, attitudes, and beliefs: The role of self-report sexual aggression for males and females (Doctoral dissertation) The Ohio State University. U.S.
Baumeister, R. F., Catanese, K. R., & Wallace, H. M. (2002). Conquest by force: A narcissistic reactance theory of rape and sexual coercion. Review of General Psychology, 6(1), 92-135.
Blinkhorn, V., Lyons, M., & Almond, L. (2015). The ultimate femme fatale? Narcissism predicts serious and aggressive sexually coercive behaviour in females. Personality and Individual Differences, 87, 219-223.
Boakye, K. E. (2009). Attitudes toward rape and victims of rape: A test of the feminist theory in Ghana. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 24(10), 1633-1651.
Burt, M. R. (1980). Cultural myths and supports for rape. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 38(2), 217–230.
Bushman, B. J., Bonacci, A. M., Van Dijk, M., & Baumeister, R. F. (2003). Narcissism, Sexual Refusal, and Aggression: Testing a Narcissistic Reactance Model of Sexual Coercion. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 84(5), 1027–1040.
Cook, S. L., Gidycz, C. A., Koss, M. P., & Murphy, M. (2011). Emerging issues in the measurement of rape victimization. Violence Against Women, 17(2), 201-218.
Curran, P. J., West, S. G., & Finch, J. F. (1996). The robustness of test statistics to nonnormality and specification error in confirmatory factor analysis. Psychological Methods, 1(1), 16-29.
Day, L. C., Muise, A., & Impett, E. A. (2017). Is comparison the thief of joy? Sexual narcissism and social comparisons in the domain of sexuality. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 43(2), 233-244.
Fisher, N. L., & Pina, A. (2013). An overview of the literature on female-perpetrated adult male sexual victimization. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 18(1), 54-61.
Franz, M. R., Haikalis, M., Riemer, A. R., Parrott, D. J., Gervais, S. J., & DiLillo, D. (2018). Further validation of a laboratory analog sexual aggression task: Associations with novel risk factors for sexual violence. Violence and Victims, 33(3), 486-503.
Howell, D. C. (2009). Statistical methods for psychology. Cengage Learning.
Hurlbert, D. F., & Apt, C. (1991). Sexual narcissism and the abusive male. Journal of Sex & Marital Therapy, 17(4), 279-292.
Hurlbert, D. F., Apt, C., Gasar, S., Wilson, N. E., & Murphy, Y. (1994). Sexual narcissism: A validation study. Journal of Sex & Marital Therapy, 20(1), 24-34.
Imhoff, R., Bergmann, X., Banse, R., & Schmidt, A. F. (2013). Exploring the automatic undercurrents of sexual narcissism: Individual differences in the sex-aggression link. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 42(6), 1033-1041.
Johnson, R. (2009). An investigation of sexual narcissism as a predictor of sexual assault. (Doctoral dissertation). University of Tennessee, Chattanooga, U.S.
Koss, M. P., & Dinero, T. E. (1988). Predictors of sexual aggression among a national sample of male college students. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 528(1), 133-147.
Koss, M. P., & Oros, C. J. (1982). Sexual experiences survey: a research instrument investigating sexual aggression and victimization. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 50(3), 455-457.
Koss, M. P., Gidycz, C. A., & Wisniewski, N. (1987). The scope of rape: incidence and prevalence of sexual aggression and victimization in a national sample of higher education students. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 55(2), 162–170.
Krahé, B., & Berger, A. (2013). Men and women as perpetrators and victims of sexual aggression in heterosexual and same‐sex encounters: A study of first‐year college students in Germany. Aggressive Behavior, 39(5), 391-404.
Larimer, M. E., Lydum, A. R., Anderson, B. K., & Turner, A. P. (1999). Male and female recipients of unwanted sexual contact in a college student sample: Prevalence rates, alcohol use, and depression symptoms. Sex Roles, 40(3/4), 295-308.
Long, A. D. (2018). An Empathy Prime Study of Narcissism and Rape Myth Acceptance Among Heterosexual College Males. Doctoral dissertation, American University, Washington, D.C, U.S.
Lonsway, K. A., & Fitzgerald, L. F. (1994). Rape myths. In review. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 18(2), 133-164.
McDermott, R. C., Kilmartin, C., McKelvey, D. K., & Kridel, M. M. (2015). College male sexual assault of women and the psychology of men: Past, present, and future directions for research. Psychology of Men & Masculinity, 16(4), 355–366.
McNulty, J. K., & Widman, L. (2013). The implications of sexual narcissism for sexual and marital satisfaction. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 42(6), 1021-1032.
McNulty, J. K., & Widman, L. (2014). Sexual narcissism and infidelity in early marriage. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 43(7), 1315-1325.
Schatzel-Murphy, E. A., Harris, D. A., Knight, R. A., & Milburn, M. A. (2009). Sexual coercion in men and women: Similar behaviors, different predictors. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 38(6), 974-986.
Shrout, P. E., & Bolger, N. (2002). Mediation in experimental and nonexperimental studies: new procedures and recommendations. Psychological Methods, 7(4), 422-445.
Spitzberg, B. H. (1999). An analysis of empirical estimates of sexual aggression victimization and perpetration. Violence and Victims, 14(3), 241-260.
Struckman-Johnson, C., & Struckman-Johnson, D. (1998). The dynamics and impact of sexual coercion of men by women. In P.B. Anderson & C. Struckman-Johnson (Eds.). Sexually Aggressive Women: Current perspectives and controversies, (pp. 121-143). New York, NY: Guilford Press.
Tabachnick, B. G., Fidell, L. S., & Ullman, J. B. (2007). Using multivariate statistics (Vol. 5). Boston, MA: Pearson.
Wegner, R., & Abbey, A. (2016). Individual differences in men's misperception of women's sexual intent: Application and extension of the confluence model. Personality and Individual Differences, 94, 16-20.
Wheeler, J. G., George, W. H., & Dahl, B. J. (2002). Sexually aggressive college males: Empathy as a moderator in the “Confluence Model” of sexual aggression. Personality and Individual Differences, 33(5), 759-775.
Widman, L., & McNulty, J. K. (2010). Sexual narcissism and the perpetration of sexual aggression. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 39(4), 926-939.
Wright, M. O. D., Norton, D. L., & Matusek, J. A. (2010). Predicting verbal coercion following sexual refusal during a hookup: Diverging gender patterns. Sex Roles, 62(9-10), 647-660.
- Downloaded
- Viewed
- 0KCI Citations
- 0WOS Citations