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ISSN : 1229-0718
영어와 한국어를 습득하는 5세경의 아동들은 문장 처리 시 성인과 달리 해석에 오류를 보인다. 이러한 해석 오류는 대체로 아동들이 문장 앞에 나타나는 의미 정보(영어는 동사정보, 한국어는 조사정보)에 의존하고, 문장 뒤에 등장하는 중요한 정보를 문장 의미 결정에 반영시키지 못하기 때문인 것으로 제안되었다. 본 연구는 이와 같은 문장 초기 정보의 의존이 언어-특수적 발달 현상인지 아동들의 미성숙한 실행 기능과 관련된 보편적 현상인지를 살펴보았다. 이를 위해, 영어와 한국어를 습득하는 4-5세 아동들에게 각 언어에서 문장 정보 배치를 바꾼 문장들(동사가 문장 앞이나 뒤에 등장)을 시연하게 하였다. 또한 실행 기능을 측정하고 문장 해석 오류율과의 상관을 살폈다. 그 결과, 실행 기능 측정치와 오류 반응의 유의미한 상관은 발견되지 않았으나 두 집단의 아동 모두 습득 대상 언어의 특성과 무관하게 문장 초기 정보가 문장 전체 의미와 불일치할 때 일치할 경우보다 문장 해석 오류 반응이 높았다. 이는 실행 기능 가설이 제안하듯이 문장 처리 시 아동들이 초기에 구성한 문장 의미를 억제하고 이후의 정보를 활용하여 적절하게 문장 의미를 수정하는데 실패하는 경향이 있음을 지지한다.
Preschool-aged children show unique interpretation errors in processing a simple sentence unlike their adult counterparts. These errors appeared related to children's reliance on the information that occurs early in a sentence (verb in English &. case-marker in Korean). The present study examined whether such processing difficulty can be attributed to the child's executive functioning(EF) abilities. Children aged 4-5 years from the US and Korea acted out sentences that varied in the distribution of information (i.e., verb/case-marker information appearing at the beginning or the end). These children also completed an EF task to see if their EF abilities relate to their sentence interpretation error rates. The results demonstrated that both groups of children were less likely to commit to interpretation errors when the error-inducing source of information was delayed to the end of the sentence, suggesting that the child's difficulty in sentence processing relate to their EF abilities.
송현주, 진경선, 이우열, 이윤하 (2009). 조사를 활용한 한국 아동의 단어 및 문장이해능력 발달. 한국 심리학회 연차 학술 대회 발표 논문.
이우열, 송현주 (2009). 만 2.5, 3세 아동들의 격조사를 이용한 새로운 동사의 의미 이해. 한국심리학회 연차 학술 대회 발표 논문.
이윤하, 송현주 (2009). 만 3, 4세 한국 아동들의 처소격 조사를 이용한 공간 관계를 나타내는 새로운 명사에 대한 이해. 한국 심리학회 연차 학술 대회 발표 논문.
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