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ISSN : 1229-0718
Evidentials refer to a set of expressions that mark the source of information or knowledge (e.g., direct observation, hearsay or inference), and inform about certainty of the conveyed information or knowledge. The present study examined when Korean children begin to understand the relationship between information source marking and its related information certainty. In a detective game task, 3-6-year-old Korean-speaking children and adults were asked to determine whose information is more reliable between the two statements reported about a theft that occurred in a store. The results showed that it is not until 6 years of age that children begin to grasp the relationship between information source marking and information certainty. However, Korean children showed superior performance when the sources were marked by lexical items (e.g., hear vs. see) than the grammaticalized items (e.g., sentence-ending morphemes). These results were in striking contrast with 5-year-old English-learning children who completely failed to do so in a similar task. Furthermore, the child's performance was correlated with their source monitoring ability as well as working memory span, indicating that these cognitive abilities may underlie the development of evidentials.
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