Cultural and gender differences of Korean students' self-esteem

홍기원

doi:10.18205/kpa.2008.13.3.001

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Vol.13 No.3

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Cultural and gender differences of Korean students' self-esteem

The Korean Journal of Woman Psychology / The Korean Journal of Woman Psychology, (P)1229-0726; (E)3058-2083

2008, v.13 no.3, pp.237-261

https://doi.org/10.18205/kpa.2008.13.3.001

(2008). Cultural and gender differences of Korean students' self-esteem. The Korean Journal of Woman Psychology, 13(3), 237-261, https://doi.org/10.18205/kpa.2008.13.3.001

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Abstract

Cultural and gender differences of Korean students were tested in this paper. Korean Self-esteem Scale developed by Cha, Hong, Kim, & Han, 2006) and Multiple Self-esteem Indicator((MSEI) proposed by E. J. B'Brien & S. Epstein(1988) was employed to test the commonalities and differences in both gender of Korean students in study 1. Nine factors were emerged among Korean students through factor analyses: Ability, acknowledgement, self-confidence, appearance, volition, morality, body, and liking. On the other hand, 11 factors of self-esteem were identified among American students: Appearance, body function, personal power, moral self-approval, identity-integration, ability, defensive self-improvement, general self-esteem, self-control, loveability, likability. Hence, appearances, morality, ability, volition, and likability were common while approval from others of Korean and personal power and defensive self-improvement of American were distinguished between two cultures, which can be interpreted as a characteristic patterns of Korean and American as collectivism and individualism. And there was gender difference between Korean males and females on the factor components, which is a significant validation of this scale. Interdependent and independent aspects of both gender's components of self-esteem were tested in study 2. There was a significant gender gap in the independent dimension of self-esteem, but no difference was showed in the interdependent dimension. Korean male students were far more independent compared to Korean female students. Also, no gap in collective interdependence and relational interdependence, which are two sub-components of interdependence expected different in both gender, was shown between Korean male and female students. Suggestions and limitations centered on differences in interdependent dimension between both gender were discussed.

keywords: cultural-gender differences, self-esteem, individualism, collectivism, interdependent dimension, independent dimension, collective interdependence, relational interdependence., 자존감의 문화적-양성적 차이, 집단주의, 개인주의, 다차원 자존감 척도, 상호의존성 차원, 독립성 차원, 관계적 상호의존, 집합적 상호의존.

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Article Contents

Vol.13 No.3

Cultural and gender differences of Korean students' self-esteem

Abstract

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The Korean Journal of Woman Psychology