The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of family violence correction group counseling on violence act, aggression, and self esteem of the family violence injurers. The subjects of this study were composed of 36 men who were decided' counsel decision' from judge. They were assigned to an experimental group 12 men, comparative group 12 men and control group 12 men. This study design was a pre-posttest control group design. The family violence injurer correction group counseling was carried out with the experimental group. The family violence injurer correction individual counseling was carried out to the comparative group. The hypothesis and the results for the study were as follows. First, the experimental group would be significantly lower than the comparative and control groups on the family violence injurers's violence act. The experimental group showed statistically significant lower scores than the comparative and control groups on family violence injurer's violence act. Second, the experimental group would be significantly lower than the comparative and control groups on the family violence injurers's aggression. The experimental group indicated statistically significant lower scores than the comparative and control groups on aggression levels. Third, the experimental group would be significantly higher than a comparative and control groups on the family violence injurers's self esteem. The experimental and comparative groups showed statistically significant higher scores than the control group on the family violence injurers's self-esteem. The results of the study indicated that family violence batterer group counseling was more effective than individual counseling on family violence injurer's violence act, aggression. However, self esteem showed no significant differences between the experimental and comparative groups.
As the family structure changed, married couples' sexual satisfaction became one of the most important variable that predicts the satisfaction of married life in Korea. Because former researches had conducted on the husbands or wives separately, the interactions of married couples could not be considered sufficiently. So, the purpose of present research is to find out the relation of self-esteem and sexual satisfaction in the perspective of married couples' interactions. 750 married couples were participated in the survey in Seoul, Gyeonggi, and Gangwon provinces, and data of 344 married couples were analysed. The results of this research is as follows. The correlation between married couples' self-esteem and sexual satisfaction is positive. Especially, wive's self-esteem was more related with couple's sexual satisfaction than husbands.
This study examined the effects of the perception of teasing, physical comparison, body surveillance, and body distortion on the intention of plastic surgery. Participants were recruited from the class in the University in Seoul, and 217 women responded the questionnaires. As a result of path analysis, (a) all 7 paths were significant (b) all four variables affect the intention of plastic surgery directly or indirectly. and (c) body distortion was the most direct and critical predictor on the intention of plastic surgery. Theses results showed the integrative combined model of variables related to the intention of plastic surgery.
This study investigated the effect of attachemet and relational self on moral development in terms of gender. The subjects were 53 males and 47 females undergraduate students aging from 19 to 29 years old. With the inventory of the Korean Defining Issue Test(DIT), Relational Self Scale, Inventory of parent, and peer attachment(IPPA) were used. As a result of correlation analysis, overall relationships among moral development, attachment and the relational self were significant with sex difference. According to the results of multi-regression analysis, there were significant effects of maternal attachment and 'positive relationship experience' factor on moral development in female groups, but not in male groups. The implications and the limitations of this study were discussed in terms of Gulligna"s moral development theory.
This study was conducted to explore key factors in the process of expertise development of talented female scientists who achieved outstanding research performance. To fulfill the research purpose, 9 female scientists who were awarded major prizes in the field of science were interviewed in-depth from April to August, 2007. In-depth interview lasted around 90mins at their office or laboratory. Interview content was analyzed through initial coding, in-depth coding and theme generation. Results showed that consideration and decision, discovery of mathematics and science aptitude, passion and persistence for academics, and planning life as individual characteristics affected expertise development. The positive environmental factors of expertise development include academic, autonomous, progressive family atmosphere, experience of science, higher education and mentor in life. The negative environmental factors were career interruption due to marriage and child rearing and minority experience. They employed individual strategies to overcome negative environmental factors. According to the results,, educational and policy implications for nurturing female scientists were discussed.
The purpose of this study was to find out the differences according to gender in the relation among variables based on the self-determination theory. We investigated (a) if there would be differences according to gender in the degree of the contentment of psychological needs, autonomy, conflict management strategy, and satisfaction with romantic relationship, (b) if autonomy and conflict management strategy would mediate the relation between the contentment of psychological needs and satisfaction with romantic relationship, (c) if there would be differences according to gender in the mediation roles. Three hundred sixty one University students (male 165, female 196) were participated in this study. As a result, (a) the contentment of relation psychological need, negativity and negative emotion expression showed high score for female than for male, (b) autonomy and conflict management strategy mediated the relation between the contentment of psychological needs and satisfaction with romantic relationship, (c) autonomy and conflict management strategy mediated the relation between the contentment of psychological needs and satisfaction with romantic relationship in both male and female participants. The positive emotion expression among conflict management strategy was the only mediation variable for male, whereas not only the positive emotion expression but also negative emotion expression and negativity were the mediation variables for female. These results empirically conformed the self-determination theory, and gave the available knowledge about the differences according to gender in romantic relationship.
In this study, we observed the abilities to recognize facial expressions between the genders, the different types of emotions (basic and complex emotions) and facial expression presenting areas (whole face and eyes). We also investigated whether there are differences in ability to recognize facial expressions according to dimensions of emotion(pleasantness/unpleasantness and awakening/relaxation dimension). A total of 32 types of emotional state facial expressions which are linked relatively strong with the emotional vocabularies were presented. In each trial, an emotional vocabulary and four facial expressions were shown to the subjects who were told to choose one suitable facial expression which was matched with the emotional vocabulary. The results showed that the subjects judged better on the condition of basic emotions more than complex emotions, the whole face more than eyes, the pleasantness dimension more than the unpleasantness dimension and the relaxation dimension more than the awakening dimension. Also, it was found that women were better at judging facial expressions than men. This study suggests that gender, types of emotion, facial presenting areas and dimension of emotion have effects on recognition of facial expressions.
The current work investigates the relationships between several indices of perceptual congruence and their subjective well-being in married couples. Major questions were whether the indices of perceptual congruence were vary to domains and married period, and whether they are related to their subjective well-being. Married couples having various married period responded on some scales to find out perceptions of the self and his(her) spouse's about personality, ideals for marriage, and gender-role attitude. The couple's two profile congruences were calculated to measure of couple similarity and spouse understanding by Kenny, Kashy, and Cook(2006)'s suggestion. Results showed that couples were actually similar each other on profile in all of three areas. Spouses' understanding of his(her) spouse on ideals for marriage was greater than them on personality and gender-role attitude. But the magnitude of couple similarity and understanding spouse's disposition had not related with married period. Findings also showed that the couple's similarities does not related with their subjective well-being, but the understanding of spouse's dispositions related with it.