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ISSN : 1229-0718
본 연구는 한국 14개월 영아들이 타인의 행동을 모방할 때, 행동이 이루어지는 상황적인 제약을 고려하여 합리적인 모방을 할 수 있는지, 그리고 합리적 모방 수행의 개인 차이가 어떤 기질적 요소로 설명될 수 있는지를 알아보았다. 본 연구는 Gergely, Bekkering과 Király(2002)의 머리로 등 켜는 과제를 사용하여 한국 영아들의 합리적인 모방 수행을 측정하였다. 영아들은 시연자가 손을 사용할 수 있는 상황(손 가용 조건) 혹은 손을 사용할 수 없는 상황(손 불가용 조건)에서 머리로 등을 켜는 새로운 행동을 본 후에 시연자의 행동을 모방할 기회를 가졌다. 손 가용 조건의 영아들은 손 불가용 조건의 영아들보다 머리로 등을 켜는 재연 반응을 더 많이 보였다. 이러한 결과는 한국 14개월 영아들도 타인의 상황적 제약을 고려하여 행동 목표를 추론할 수 있음을 보여준다. 손 가용 조건에서 머리 반응이 실험 상황에서 얼마나 많이 나타나는가는 기질의 부정적 정서와 부적 상관이 있었으며, 얼마나 빨리 나타나는가는 기질의 주의 지속성 요소와 정적 상관이 있었다. 이는 합리적 모방 수행의 개인차가 부정적 정서와 주의 지속성 기질로 설명될 수 있음을 제안한다.
The current study investigated the development of rational imitation in 14-month-old Korean infants using Gergely et al. (2002)’s procedure. We also examined the relationship between infants’ rational imitation and their temperament. The infants watched an actor use her head to illuminate a light box while her hands were free (Hands-free condition) or while her hands were occupied by a blanket (Hands-occupied condition). The infants in the hands-free condition were more likely to imitate the actor’s head action than the infants in the hands-occupied condition. In the hands-free condition, the frequency of head reenactment negatively correlated with infants’ negative emotionality and the latency of head reenactments negatively correlated with the duration of orienting in infants. These results indicate that 14-month-old Korean infants can infer the goals of others’ actions by considering situational constraints and that individual differences in rational imitation can be related to differences in infants’ temperament.
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