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open access
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ISSN : 1229-0718
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of multi-dimensional perfectionism and narcissism on the personal inferiority. Especially, this study focused on the effect of the positive perfectionism and the overt narcissism on the personal inferiority instead of focusing on the negative perfectionism and the covert narcissism, which are the two main topics of the interest on majority of the personal inferiority studies. The results showed that the convert narcissism and the negative perfectionism were the most influential variables on the personal inferiority while the positive perfectionism and the overt narcissism showed little influence on the personal inferiority. Also, the results showed that all experimental groups experienced increased personal inferiority after the complex inducing situation. However, those with high negative perfectionism and those with high overall perfectionism expressed increased personal inferiority even after the complex non-inducing situation. Those with low overall narcissism showed little increase on the personal inferiority while others showed significant increases on the personal inferiority.
It was examined whether there are differences in the size of convoy and convoy membership according to gender and age, how many friends in the convoy there are and whether there are differences in the attachment functions of parents and friends with middle/high/college students on the based of convoy model. Results revealed female had lager outer circle than male and college students than millde/high school students. Colllege students had more friends of different sex and less kinships in the convoy than middle/high school ones. The percentages of friends were highest in the middle school students and that of friends of different sex highest in college ones. As attachment figures, friends were target of proximity seeking and safe haven but mothers were target of separation protest and secure base. Interestingly friends of different sex were target of proximity seeking and separation protest in college students and fathers were target of secure base only in male middle/high school ones.
This study identified the problems of successful aging studies in western and Korean cultures through 79 researches in last 20 years. First, there was no academic agreement about successful aging concept among researches. Therefore successful aging was accessed with various different components and there was mixed using of components and influential factors of successful aging in diverse empirical studies. Second, there were differences on rate of elderly’s report as successful aging because of the disagreement of what was successful aging. In addition, there was no consideration about the different characteristics within the elderly group. Lastly, this study compared the components and influential factors of successful aging between two different cultures. Based on the results, cultural influences on conceptualization of successful aging was discussed and necessity of re-conceptualization of aging well in terms of Korean culture was emphasized.
This study investigated 6-, and 9-month-old infants’ discrimination of their own race or other race faces. The experiment consisted of six familiarization trials and two test trials. During familiarization, infants watched either a caucasian or an asian face. During test, infants watched two faces. One was the same face as the one in familiarization trials but the face was presented at a different angle than in familiarization trials. The other was a novel face of the same race as the counterpart. Infants’ mean looking times at the faces in each trial was measured. The results shows that both 6- and 9-month-old infants discriminated asian faces but not caucasian faces. Thus, the capacity to recognize other-race face disappeared whereas the capacity to recognize own-race face was retained. This study suggests that race-based selective recognition is present early in life. The results are discussed in relation to the influence of experience on face recognition.
This study investigated the relations between the children’s parent-child relationship and the therapeutic alliance. The objects of the study were 166 elementary school children clients(1st-6th grade) and their counselor. The counselor has career more than three years and has got the certificate for professional counselor. As the results of the study, the more child got positive parent-child relationships, the more child and their counselor reported positive therapeutic alliance. The difference of therapeutic alliance perceived by child was significantly connected with the parent-child relationship. The child, who had high level of relationships with father and mother than that of low level of relationships, reported more positive therapeutic alliance. According to the result of multi-regression analysis, mother’s social-support predicted the emotional-bond and intimacy with father predicted therapeutic collaboration. Children’s gender and grade had the difference of the prediction variables.
Children around 5 years of age show errors in interpreting temporary ambiguous sentences and have difficulty with revising sentence meanings. The cognitive control account proposed that such inability to revise might be related to immature inhibitory control among children whose executive functioning is still developing. To examine this possibility, the present study measured 3-6-year-old children’s sentence processing ability as well as various executive function components, including inhibitory control, cognitive flexibility, and working memory, and examined correlations among these measures. In addition, parental report on their child’s behavioral control and their belief on the importance of self-control was obtained to further examine if these measures correlate with sentence processing ability. The results suggested that cognitive flexibility and perseveration tendency measured by Dimensional Card Change Sort task are associated with sentence interpretation accuracy and error rates, suggesting that cognitive flexibility might also play a more important role in child sentence processing.
As essential components of emotion development, emotional identification and emotional expression play an important role in inpersonal stability and interpersonal relationship. Emotional identification and emotional expression ability is a prerequisite for adaptive psychological and social development. Penza-Clyve and Zeman(2002) devised the Emotion Expression Scale for Children(EESC) measuring emotion awareness and emotion expression. The purpose of this study is to translate the EESC into Korean and to examine the reliability and validity of the translated questionnaire. Total 545 upper level elementary-school students (male : 260, female : 285) in Choong-Chung do participated. The reliability analyses revealed high internal consistency and moderate test-retest reliability of the EESC. Factor analysis of the rest items revealed that the two subscales were discriminated cleary. To test the validity of the EESC, we examined correlations between the EESC and various psychological constructs including other emotion awareness and expression scale, depression, anxiety, sociality and aggression. The range of correlations were consistent with previous studies examining similar variables. Considering the level of reliability and validity of the EESC, it will provide a useful tool for emotional awareness and emotional expression.
The purpose of this study was (1) to examine general aspects of Korean school-age children’s self-reported quality of life(QOL), (2) to investigate what factors were related to the QOL of school-age children. Participants were 972 Korean 4th, 5th, & 6th grade students. Children completed a questionnaire based on the KIDSCREEN(The KIDSCREEN Group Europe, 2006) to evaluate their self-perceived well-being and subjective health. Major findings were as follows: 1. Upper grade students showed lower levels of QOL and boys reported higher levels of QOL than girls. Especially 6th grade girls showed the lowest QOL. 2. There were statistically significant relationships among 10 sub-dimensions of QOL (10 sub-dimensions: physical well-being, psychological well-being, moods & emotions, self-perception, autonomy, parent relations & home life, social support & peers, school environment, social acceptance, and financial resources). Specifically, ‘psychological well-being’ and ‘moods and emotions’ were strongly related with all the other sub-dimensions. This result suggested that experiencing more positive emotions(joy, pleasure, cheer), and less negative emotions (depression, anxiety, loneliness) tend to positively related to children’s QOL. 3. Physical health status didn’t have significant impact on school-age children’s QOL. It means whether children have diseases or not, the way how they recognize their well-being and subjective health has greater impact on children’s QOL. 4. Peer relationship and scholastic performance were found to be the significant factor that contribute to the QOL to both boys and girls.